Which one of the following tranquilizers belongs to strong euphorizing agents?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Diazepam belongs to strong euphorizing agents due to its ability to produce feelings of euphoria and relaxation. It is a benzodiazepine with potent anxiolytic and sedative properties. Mebicarum (A) is an anxiolytic, not a strong euphorizer. Buspirone (B) is an anxiolytic without strong euphorizing effects. Chlordiazepoxide (D) is also a benzodiazepine but is not known for strong euphorizing properties.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cholenszyme. Cholenszyme is a digestive enzyme supplement and does not stimulate bile production or secretion. Chenodiol is a bile acid that promotes bile flow. Oxaphenamide is a choleretic agent that increases bile secretion. Cholosas contains bile salts and helps stimulate bile production. Therefore, Cholenszyme is the only option that does not directly stimulate bile production or secretion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because digoxin actually has a shorter half-life than digitoxin. Digoxin has a half-life of approximately 36 hours, while digitoxin has a longer half-life of around 7 days. A: Digoxin is a mild inotrope, which means it increases myocardial contractility. B: Digoxin increases vagal tone, leading to a decrease in heart rate. D: Digoxin acts by inhibiting the Na+/K+ ATPase pump, resulting in increased intracellular calcium levels and improved contractility. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are true statements regarding cardiac glycosides.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: GI disturbance. Nitrates and nitrites primarily affect the cardiovascular system by dilating blood vessels, leading to vasodilation and decreased cardiac workload. GI disturbances are not commonly associated with these drugs. A: Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, C: Throbbing headache, and D: Tolerance are all known side effects of nitrates and nitrites due to their cardiovascular effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: To increase blood pressure in low cardiac output, positive inotropic drugs (Choice C) are used to improve the heart's contractility and increase cardiac output. Ganglioblockers (Choice A) block sympathetic activity, potentially worsening low cardiac output. Vasoconstrictors (Choice B) can increase blood pressure but may not address the underlying cause of low cardiac output. Diuretics (Choice D) reduce blood volume and may further decrease cardiac output. Therefore, Choice C is the correct option to address low cardiac output by improving heart function and increasing blood pressure.