Which one of the following statements is true regarding access in pediatric resuscitation?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Blood transfusion can be delivered through an intraosseous access. In pediatric resuscitation, intraosseous access is commonly used for rapid vascular access when peripheral IV access is difficult. This route allows for the delivery of fluids, medications, and even blood products such as transfusions. It is a reliable and effective alternative in emergency situations. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: "Intraosseous access should only be considered after five percutaneous attempts" - This statement is incorrect as intraosseous access is often the preferred route in pediatric resuscitation when peripheral IV access is difficult. B: Cut down at the ankle is a preferred initial access technique - This statement is incorrect as intraosseous access is typically preferred over cut down procedures in pediatric resuscitation. D: Internal jugular cannulation is the next preferred option when percutaneous venous access fails - This statement is incorrect as intraosseous

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Multiple organ failure. Inadequate organ perfusion leads to tissue hypoxia, causing cellular dysfunction and ultimately multiple organ failure. Vasodilatation (A) is a compensatory mechanism to increase blood flow, not a consequence of inadequate perfusion. Decreased base deficit (C) is not a direct consequence but rather an indicator of metabolic acidosis. Acute glomerulonephritis (D) is a specific kidney condition and not a general consequence of inadequate organ perfusion. Multiple organ failure is the most severe outcome of inadequate perfusion as it signifies the failure of various organs due to systemic hypoperfusion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Skilled nursing facilities. Long-term care, which involves ongoing assistance with activities of daily living, is typically provided in skilled nursing facilities due to their specialized care and 24-hour nursing staff. Hospitals (A) focus on acute care, adult day services facilities (B) offer daytime programs, and ambulatory surgical centers (D) provide outpatient surgical procedures, making them unsuitable for long-term care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a policy is a predetermined course of action that guides decision-making in specific situations. It is not always applicable every time a situation occurs, but provides a framework for consistent and appropriate actions. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to a procedure, not a policy. Choice C is incorrect because it defines organizational structure, not policy. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to a regulatory assessment, not a policy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care. This is an example of an advance directive because it allows an individual to appoint someone to make healthcare decisions on their behalf if they become unable to do so. This document specifically addresses medical treatment preferences. A: Last Will and Testament is not an advance directive as it pertains to distribution of assets after death. B: Power of Attorney grants legal authority for financial matters, not healthcare decisions. C: Divorce Decree is a legal document ending a marriage, not related to healthcare decision-making.