Which one of the following should be performed first in any patient whose injuries may include multiple closed extremity fractures?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D - "Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation" Rationale: Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation is crucial in any patient with potential multiple closed extremity fractures to address any immediate life-threatening issues like hypoxia or respiratory distress. Without proper oxygenation and ventilation, the patient's condition can deteriorate rapidly. It is the top priority in the ABCs of trauma care (Airway, Breathing, Circulation). Once the patient's respiratory status is stable, further assessment and management of limb perfusion, prevention of skin necrosis, and evaluation for compartment syndrome can be carried out. Summary of other choices: A: "A thorough assessment of four limb perfusion" - While limb perfusion assessment is important, ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation takes precedence due to its immediate life-saving implications. B: "Maneuvers to prevent necrosis of the skin" - Preventing skin necrosis is important, but addressing respiratory concerns is critical for the patient's overall

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To encourage people to make decisions about advance directives. The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) requires healthcare facilities to inform patients about their rights to make decisions about their medical care, including the right to create advance directives. This law empowers individuals to communicate their healthcare wishes in advance, ensuring their preferences are respected even if they are unable to make decisions later. Choice A is incorrect because the PSDA is not specifically focused on training nursing assistants. Choice B is incorrect as the PSDA does not pertain to the privacy of protected health information, which is covered under HIPAA. Choice D is incorrect as the PSDA is not related to reporting abuse, which is typically governed by state laws and facility policies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nursing assistant plays a crucial role in care planning by sharing observations that may impact the care plan. This is essential as they are in direct contact with the residents and can provide valuable insights to the care team. Choice A is incorrect because nursing assistants typically do not create care plans, that is the responsibility of licensed healthcare professionals. Choice C is incorrect as nursing assistants do not have the authority to make changes to care plans. Choice D is incorrect as discussing the diagnosis with the resident's friends and family is not within the scope of the nursing assistant's role in care planning.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Social wellness. By encouraging the resident to play cards with friends, the nursing assistant is promoting social wellness. Social wellness focuses on building and maintaining healthy relationships and connections with others. Playing cards with friends fosters social interaction, communication, and a sense of belonging, which are all essential aspects of social wellness. Physical wellness (A) pertains to the physical health and fitness of an individual. Emotional wellness (C) relates to managing emotions and mental health. Intellectual wellness (D) involves stimulating the mind through learning and problem-solving. However, in this scenario, the main focus is on promoting social connections and relationships, making social wellness the most appropriate choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a causative agent is specifically a pathogen or microorganism that causes disease in the body. Pathogens are infectious agents that can lead to illness or disease. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Any microorganism in the body does not necessarily cause disease, C) Normal flora are beneficial bacteria and do not always cause disease, and D) The waiting period between pathogen entry and infection is known as the incubation period, not the causative agent.