ATI RN
Vital Signs Physical Assessment Techniques Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which one of the following physical examination descriptions would be most consistent with the diagnosis of cholecystitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because cholecystitis typically presents with tenderness in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) due to inflammation of the gallbladder. The tenderness worsening with inspiration (Murphy's sign) indicates irritation of the peritoneum overlying the inflamed gallbladder. This is a classic finding in cholecystitis. Choices A, B, and D do not describe the characteristic RUQ tenderness with inspiration seen in cholecystitis. Choice A describes a normal abdomen, choice B suggests appendicitis, and choice D points more towards gastritis or pancreatitis.
Question 2 of 5
S.Q. was just admitted because of cellulitis of her lower extremity due to a cat scratch. She was previously treated outpatient but missed multiple appointments and did not take her medication. As you complete the health history, she shares that she is sleeping on her sister's couch because she lost her job. She lives in an area of town considered a food desert and often eats whatever she can find from a local gas station or fast-food restaurant. She missed her last two follow-up visits for her leg due to inadequate transportation and could not afford to purchase the expensive medication. Which of the following statements best describes the impact of social determinants of health on S.Q.'s well-being?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Social determinants of health, such as lack of economic stability and limited access to nutritious food options, are negatively impacting S.Q.'s well-being. This choice is correct because it directly addresses the root causes of S.Q.'s health issues, including her living situation, financial struggles, and food insecurity. These factors significantly contribute to her inability to adhere to medical recommendations and access necessary healthcare. Incorrect answers: A: This choice incorrectly attributes S.Q.'s non-compliance to lack of motivation, ignoring the systemic barriers she faces. C: This choice implies that overcoming social determinants of health is solely dependent on individual effort, disregarding the structural factors that perpetuate disparities. D: This choice oversimplifies the situation by suggesting that S.Q. can improve her well-being solely through obtaining a new job, without acknowledging the complex interplay of social determinants impacting her health.
Question 3 of 5
What does the anterior drawer test assess in the ankle?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior drawer test assesses the integrity of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) in the ankle. During the test, the examiner stabilizes the tibia while pulling the calcaneus forward. If there is excessive anterior translation of the talus, it indicates a positive test for ATFL laxity or rupture. This ligament is commonly injured in ankle sprains, making it a crucial test for diagnosing ligamentous injuries in the ankle. Choice A is incorrect because the calcaneofibular ligament is not specifically assessed by the anterior drawer test. Choice C is incorrect as the posterior talofibular ligament is not evaluated by this test. Choice D is incorrect as the deltoid ligament is not directly involved in the anterior drawer test assessment of the ankle.
Question 4 of 5
Evaluation of scoliosis involves the Adams test and measuring the Cobb angle. What does the Cobb angle measure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Cobb angle measures the angle between the endplates of the most tilted vertebrae at the top and bottom of the curve in scoliosis. This is the standard method for assessing scoliosis severity. The correct answer, B, is accurate because it specifically identifies the key vertebrae involved in measuring the curvature. Choice A is incorrect because it involves the iliac crest, which is not typically used in measuring the Cobb angle. Choice C is incorrect as it mentions the center of the curve, which is not a factor in determining the Cobb angle. Choice D is incorrect because it references the bottom vertebra rather than the most tilted vertebrae at the top and bottom of the curve, as required for the Cobb angle measurement.
Question 5 of 5
Weakness of which muscle would correlate with compression of the C5 nerve root?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The biceps brachii muscle is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which originates from the C5-C7 nerve roots. Compression of the C5 nerve root would affect the function of the musculocutaneous nerve, leading to weakness in the biceps brachii muscle. The other choices, Extensor carpi radialis (ECR), Triceps brachii, and Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), are not primarily innervated by the C5 nerve root. Therefore, weakness in these muscles would not directly correlate with compression of the C5 nerve root.