ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 2 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which one of the following pairs of 'drug/mechanism of action' is most accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lithium's mood-stabilizing effect in bipolar disorder involves inhibiting inositol monophosphatase, reducing inositol recycling and dampening overactive phosphoinositide signaling, a unique mechanism. Carbamazepine blocks sodium channels, not GABA facilitation (that's barbiturates). Ethosuximide inhibits T-type calcium channels in thalamic neurons, not sodium channels, to control absence seizures. Phenelzine, an MAOI, inhibits monoamine oxidase, not dopa decarboxylase (carbidopa does that). Procaine, a local anesthetic, blocks sodium channels, not T-type calcium channels. Lithium's inositol depletion is well-established, aligning with its therapeutic role and distinguishing it as the most accurate pairing here.
Question 2 of 5
During pharmacology class, the student nurse asks the nursing instructor how students will ever learn about the individual antibiotic drugs since there are so many. What is the best response by the nursing instructor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Learning a representative (prototype) drug from each antibiotic class simplifies understanding by focusing on shared traits-mechanisms, effects, and side effects-reducing the burden of memorizing every drug. Mnemonics aid recall but don't teach concepts. Flow charts organize but lack depth. Categorizing is broad, while prototypes offer a practical, foundational approach, widely used in pharmacology education for mastery.
Question 3 of 5
What is a serious adverse reaction to penicillin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can occur after exposure to penicillin or other antibiotics. It is considered a serious adverse reaction because it can be life-threatening. Symptoms of anaphylaxis may include difficulty breathing, hives, swelling of the face and throat, rapid heartbeat, and a drop in blood pressure. Immediate medical attention is required if an individual experiences anaphylaxis after taking penicillin.
Question 4 of 5
The patient with schizophrenia is sitting quietly in a chair. The patient does not respond much to what is happening and has a lack of interest in the environment. How does the nurse interpret this assessment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Schizophrenia involves positive symptoms (e.g., hallucinations) and negative symptoms (e.g., apathy, withdrawal). The patient's quiet demeanor, lack of responsiveness, and disinterest align with negative symptoms, which diminish normal behaviors like motivation or social engagement. Depression might present similarly but isn't assumed without further evidence like sadness or hopelessness. Hearing voices suggests positive symptoms, but the scenario lacks indicators like distractedness. Positive symptoms involve added behaviors (e.g., delusions), not subtraction, as seen here. The nurse interprets this based on schizophrenia's symptomology, recognizing negative symptoms as a core feature, making choice D the most accurate clinical interpretation.
Question 5 of 5
When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices various
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to serious complications, such as arrhythmias and heart failure. Digibind, also known as digoxin immune fab, is a specific antidote used to treat severe cases of digoxin toxicity. It works by binding to digoxin in the body and forming a complex that is then excreted through the kidneys, effectively reversing the toxic effects of digoxin. Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, Vitamin K is used to reverse warfarin overdose, and Fluemanzil is not a medication used for reversing digoxin toxicity.