Which one of the following methods of documentation is organized around patient diagnoses rather than around patient information?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: problem-oriented medical record (POMR). In POMR, patient information is organized around patient diagnoses, facilitating a systematic approach to patient care. This method focuses on identifying and managing patient problems, promoting continuity and efficiency in healthcare delivery. Incorrect choices: B: Source-oriented record - Organizes information based on the source of the data, not patient diagnoses. C: PIE charting system - Focuses on problem, intervention, and evaluation, but not solely on patient diagnoses. D: Focus charting - Centers on specific patient concerns and focuses on addressing them, but does not primarily organize information around diagnoses.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nursing process involves assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation to address actual or potential health problems. By focusing care on human responses related to health issues, nurses aim to promote optimal health outcomes. Choice D is correct as it aligns with the core purpose of nursing care. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not encompass the holistic approach of the nursing process, which aims to address health problems at the individual level rather than broader environmental interactions, disease effects, or medical outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The focus of nurses is the person with an illness. Rationale: 1. Nurses focus on the holistic care of individuals, including physical, emotional, and social aspects when they have an illness. 2. Nurses do not diagnose and treat diseases traditionally, as that is the role of doctors or healthcare professionals. 3. Illness does not necessarily mean a person cannot be healthy, as health is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being. 4. Illness is not a normal process affecting functioning; it is a deviation from the normal state of health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: physiologic needs. According to Maslow's hierarchy, physiological needs are the most basic as they include essential requirements for survival such as food, water, shelter, and sleep. Without fulfilling these needs, higher-level needs cannot be addressed. Safety and security (B), love and belonging (C), and self-esteem (D) are considered higher-level needs in the hierarchy and can only be addressed once physiological needs are met. Safety and security come after physiological needs, followed by love and belonging, and finally self-esteem.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: nonmaleficence. This principle is part of the ethical framework guiding healthcare professionals to avoid causing harm to patients. By prioritizing the principle of nonmaleficence, nurses aim to prevent harm and promote the well-being of their patients. Summary: - Choice B: Justice refers to fairness in healthcare resource allocation, not specifically about avoiding harm. - Choice C: Fidelity pertains to being faithful to commitments and maintaining trust with patients, not directly related to avoiding harm. - Choice D: Autonomy relates to respecting patients' right to make their own decisions, not specifically focused on avoiding harm.