Which one of the following is recommended method for treating frostbite?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Moist heat" for treating frostbite. Moist heat helps to slowly rewarm the affected area, promoting blood flow and preventing further tissue damage. It is recommended to soak the frostbitten area in warm water (not hot) for about 20-30 minutes until normal color and sensation return. Choice B: Early amputation is incorrect as it is an extreme measure and should only be considered as a last resort when there is no other option to save the limb. Choice C: Padding and elevation can help reduce swelling and pain, but it is not the primary treatment for frostbite. Choice D: Vasodilators and heparin are not recommended for treating frostbite as they may increase the risk of complications. It is crucial to prioritize rewarming the affected area with moist heat for proper treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Preparation for laparotomy while initiating fluid resuscitation". In a trauma scenario with hemodynamic instability like this, the priority is to address potential intra-abdominal bleeding with a laparotomy. Fluid resuscitation is crucial to maintain perfusion and stabilize the patient before surgery. The other choices are incorrect because: A: "Transfusion of FFP and platelets" is not the immediate priority in this scenario as it does not address the source of bleeding. C: "Resuscitation with crystalloid and pRBC until base excess is normal" is not ideal as it delays definitive treatment and may worsen the patient's condition. D: "Fluid resuscitation and angioembolization" may be considered in stable patients, but in this case, the patient is hemodynamically unstable and needs immediate surgical intervention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The resident. Residents are the focal point of care, and their needs and preferences should guide the care team. Physicians provide medical expertise but residents are the primary recipients of care. Nurses and nursing assistants play crucial roles in providing direct care, but ultimately, the resident's well-being is the top priority.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because when a nursing assistant is suspected of abuse, immediate action is necessary to ensure the safety of residents. Suspending the nursing assistant allows for a thorough investigation without putting residents at risk. Choice A is incorrect as discussing the problem openly may compromise the investigation. Choice B is incorrect as the nursing assistant should be removed from the situation during investigation. Choice C is incorrect as confidentiality is crucial in abuse cases to protect the reporter and the victim.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a nursing assistant's report can indeed trigger a needed assessment for a resident. Nursing assistants are often the frontline staff who observe residents daily, so their reports can highlight changes or issues that require further evaluation. This process helps in ensuring that residents receive appropriate care and interventions promptly. Choice A is incorrect as MDS stands for Minimum Data Set, not Multiple Diagnosis System. Choice B is incorrect as completion of an MDS does not automatically trigger a state investigation. Choice C is incorrect because all residents in long-term care facilities are required to have an MDS assessment completed periodically.