Which one of the following is an example of tertiary prevention by a community health nurse (CHN)?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Directly observing clients with active TB as they take their antituberculosis medications Rationale: 1. Tertiary prevention aims to prevent complications and deterioration in individuals with existing conditions, such as active TB. 2. Directly observing medication administration ensures adherence and effectiveness in treating active TB. 3. By monitoring medication intake, the community health nurse can prevent drug resistance and further spread of TB. 4. Administering the Mantoux test (A) is a form of secondary prevention to identify TB exposure, not treatment. 5. Assessing for signs and symptoms (B) is part of early detection (secondary prevention), not tertiary prevention. 6. Interpreting TB skin test results (D) is diagnostic and not directly involved in preventing complications in individuals already diagnosed with active TB.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ethnocentrism. This statement demonstrates ethnocentrism, which is the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own cultural group. The health care provider is asserting that Western medicine is the best without considering or respecting the diversity of practices and beliefs in other cultures. This attitude can lead to biased and ineffective care for clients from different cultural backgrounds. Summary: B: Prejudice - Prejudice involves preconceived opinions that are not necessarily based on reason or actual experience. The statement does not show prejudice towards a specific group. C: Racism - Racism involves discrimination based on race or ethnicity. The statement does not show discrimination based on race. D: Stereotyping - Stereotyping involves generalizing characteristics to a whole group. The statement does not involve generalizing characteristics, but rather asserting the superiority of one's own culture.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Principlism. Principlism is an ethical framework that involves identifying and applying ethical principles, such as autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice, to ethical dilemmas. In this scenario, the CHN is suggesting a solution that considers fairness and justice by proposing a compromise that allows family members to take turns calling in sick to care for the ill family member without risking their employment. This aligns with the principle of justice, as it aims to balance the needs of the ill family member with the responsibilities of the employed family members. The other options are incorrect because: A: Communitarianism focuses on the common good of the community, which is not explicitly addressed in the CHN's suggestion. B: Deontological ethics is based on duties and moral rules, which are not explicitly invoked in the CHN's suggestion. D: Utilitarianism is about maximizing overall happiness or utility, which is not explicitly the goal of

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because tertiary prevention involves managing and treating existing conditions to prevent further complications. In the case of women with diabetes, monitoring blood glucose levels and recommending necessary diet modifications are crucial in preventing complications such as diabetic neuropathy or retinopathy. Choices A and B are related to primary prevention, focusing on preventing the onset of diabetes. Choice D is related to secondary prevention, screening for early detection. Tertiary prevention focuses on managing the condition to prevent further deterioration, making choice C the most appropriate in this context.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Veracity. Veracity refers to telling the truth, which is an essential ethical principle in healthcare. Nonmaleficence means to do no harm, Principlism is a moral framework based on principles, and Utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall utility. Veracity is the only term directly related to truth-telling in this context.