ATI RN
Pharmacology Practice Exam A ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which one of the following is an established clinical use of morphine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Morphine, a potent opioid analgesic, is primarily used to manage moderate to severe pain, but its established clinical applications extend beyond analgesia. One well-documented use is in treating pulmonary congestion, particularly in acute pulmonary edema associated with heart failure. Morphine reduces preload by causing vasodilation, alleviating dyspnea and anxiety in these patients, though the exact mechanism is multifaceted and includes central effects on respiration. Managing generalized anxiety disorders is not a standard use, as anxiolytics like benzodiazepines are preferred. While morphine can relieve pain, its use in biliary colic is contraindicated because it causes sphincter of Oddi constriction, potentially worsening the condition. It is not a treatment for ACE inhibitor-induced cough, which is better managed with antitussives or drug discontinuation. Suppression of ethanol withdrawal is also not an established role, as benzodiazepines are the standard. Thus, pulmonary congestion stands out as a recognized therapeutic use.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who reports severe seasonal allergies has been prescribed fluticasone (Flonase). The nurse providing medication information would collaborate with the prescriber if the patient makes which statement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluticasone, a corticosteroid, is contraindicated with active infections (e.g., viral colds) due to immunosuppression risks . 'My kids have a head cold' suggests exposure, prompting nurse-prescriber collaboration to assess infection status. Licorice , psoriasis , and fruit don't contraindicate use. Choice B prioritizes safety, avoiding exacerbation of undetected infection.
Question 3 of 5
The client has been prescribed the opioid combination drug Novahistine DM for control of cough. This drug contains codeine, phenylephrine, and chlorpheniramine. Which instructions should the nurse provide as part of medication education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving IV heparin. Which finding requires immediate action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heparin anticoagulates, monitored by aPTT (therapeutic: 60-80 seconds). An aPTT of 90 seconds indicates over-anticoagulation, risking bleeding, needing immediate action (e.g., stop infusion). Bruising and redness are minor. Platelets of 150,000 are normal. Prolonged aPTT aligns with heparin's effect, critical in therapy where bleeding is a threat, making B the finding requiring swift response.
Question 5 of 5
The following drugs are effectively administered via the sublingual route:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.