ATI RN
Pharmacology CNS Drugs Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which one of the following drugs can cause hypotension because it can block alpha-adrenergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenothiazines (choice D), like chlorpromazine, block alpha-adrenergic receptors, causing vasodilation and hypotension. Clozapine (choice A) causes less alpha blockade, Diazepam (choice B) doesn't, and H1 blockers (choice C) cause sedation, not hypotension. This side effect is notable in phenothiazines.
Question 2 of 5
A 72-year old woman with a long history of anxiety that has been treated with diazepam decides to triple her daily dose. Two days after her attempts at self-prescribing, she is found extremely lethargic and non-responsive. Respiration is 8/min and shallow. Which of the following drugs should we give to reverse these signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flumazenil (choice B) reverses benzodiazepine (diazepam) overdose, countering lethargy and respiratory depression by antagonizing GABAa receptors. Amphetamine (choice A) stimulates, Naltrexone (choice C) blocks opioids, and Physostigmine (choice D) treats anticholinergic toxicity. Flumazenil is specific.
Question 3 of 5
You are on your way to take an examination and you suddenly get an attack of diarrhea. If you stop at a nearby drugstore for an over-the-counter opioid with antidiarrheal action, you will be asking for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
Adverse effects of metformin include all of the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin's adverse effects include lactic acidosis (choice A), a rare but serious risk due to lactate accumulation, especially in renal impairment; nausea (choice C), a common GI upset; and vitamin B12 interference (choice D), from altered absorption. Hypoglycemia (choice B) is not typical, as Metformin reduces hepatic glucose output and enhances insulin sensitivity without directly stimulating insulin release, unlike sulfonylureas. This exception underscores Metformin's safety profile in type 2 diabetes, avoiding the hypoglycemic risk of secretagogues. Understanding this is vital for prescribing, monitoring renal function to prevent lactic acidosis, and addressing B12 deficiency in long-term users.
Question 5 of 5
The following drug is used to induce ovulation:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.