ATI RN
Psychotropic Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of these statements about the peripheral nervous system is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (D): 1. "The peripheral nerves carry input to the central nervous system by afferent fibers and away from the central nervous system by efferent fibers." - This statement correctly describes the functions of afferent and efferent fibers in the peripheral nervous system. - Afferent fibers transmit sensory information from the peripheral organs to the central nervous system. - Efferent fibers transmit motor commands from the central nervous system to the peripheral organs. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: "The CNs enter the brain through the spinal cord." - Incorrect because cranial nerves (CNs) directly connect to the brain, bypassing the spinal cord. B: "Efferent fibers carry sensory input to the central nervous system through the spinal cord." - Incorrect because efferent fibers carry motor commands away from the central nervous system, not sensory input towards it. C: "The peripheral nerves are inside the central nervous system and carry impulses through their motor fibers
Question 2 of 5
During the taking of the health history of a 78-year-old man, his wife states that he occasionally has problems with short-term memory loss and confusion: 'He can't even remember how to button his shirt.' When assessing his sensory system, which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Before testing the sensory system, it is crucial for the nurse to assess the patient's mental status and ability to follow directions. This is important because cognitive impairment, such as short-term memory loss and confusion, can impact the accuracy of sensory testing results. By assessing the patient's mental status first, the nurse can ensure that the sensory test results are valid and reliable. This step is essential in providing accurate and comprehensive care for the patient. A: The nurse should test the sensory system, but assessing mental status is also necessary. B: Mental status can affect sensory ability, so assessing it is crucial. C: While explaining tests is important, assessing mental status should be the priority before testing.
Question 3 of 5
Which of these tests would the nurse use to check the motor coordination of an 11-month-old infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse would use the Denver II test to check the motor coordination of an 11-month-old infant. This test assesses developmental milestones, including motor skills appropriate for the child's age. The Denver II test specifically evaluates gross and fine motor skills, which are crucial components of motor coordination in infants. The other choices are not appropriate for assessing motor coordination in infants. Stereognosis tests the ability to recognize objects by touch, deep tendon reflexes assess the integrity of the neuromuscular system, and rapid alternating movements evaluate cerebellar function, none of which directly measure motor coordination in infants.
Question 4 of 5
A 32-year-old woman tells the nurse that she has noticed 'very sudden, jerky movements' mainly in her hands and arms. She says, 'They seem to come and go, primarily when I am trying to do something. I haven't noticed them when I'm sleeping.' This description suggests:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chorea. Chorea is characterized by sudden, jerky, involuntary movements that tend to be random and unpredictable. The description provided by the patient matches the hallmark features of chorea, such as the sudden and irregular movements mainly in the hands and arms that occur during voluntary actions. Tics (choice A) are repetitive, stereotyped movements or vocalizations. Athetosis (choice B) is characterized by slow, writhing, involuntary movements. Myoclonus (choice C) involves sudden, brief muscle contractions. Therefore, based on the patient's description, chorea is the most likely diagnosis.
Question 5 of 5
During an examination, the nurse notices severe nystagmus in both eyes of a patient.. Which conclusion by the nurse is correct? Severe nystagmus in both eyes:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Severe nystagmus in both eyes may indicate disease of the cerebellum or brainstem. Nystagmus is an involuntary eye movement that can be a sign of neurological issues. The cerebellum and brainstem are responsible for coordinating eye movements, so abnormalities in these areas can lead to nystagmus. Other choices are incorrect because severe nystagmus is not a normal occurrence, not solely caused by nervousness, and does not indicate a visual problem requiring an ophthalmologist.