ATI RN
Neurological System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of these physiological changes would not be considered part of the sympathetic fight-or-flight response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: increased stomach motility. In the sympathetic fight-or-flight response, the body prioritizes blood flow to essential organs and muscles, leading to decreased activity in non-essential functions like digestion (stomach motility). This is to conserve energy for immediate action. Increased heart rate, sweating, and dilated pupils are all part of the fight-or-flight response as they prepare the body for quick action and heightened awareness.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following can NOT be prevented with a vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: listeriosis. Listeriosis is caused by a bacterium and there is currently no vaccine available for it. Tetanus, pneumococcal meningitis, and meningococcal meningitis, on the other hand, are all preventable with vaccines. Tetanus is prevented by the DTaP vaccine, pneumococcal meningitis by the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and meningococcal meningitis by the meningococcal vaccine. Therefore, listeriosis is the only condition among the options that cannot be prevented with a vaccine.
Question 3 of 5
The wife of a 65-year-old man tells the nurse that she is concerned because she has noticed a change in her husband's personality and ability to understand. He also cries very easily and becomes angry. The nurse recalls that the cerebral lobe responsible for these behaviors is the __________ lobe.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frontal lobe. The frontal lobe is responsible for personality, emotional expression, decision-making, reasoning, and problem-solving. Changes in personality, emotional instability, and difficulty with understanding can indicate dysfunction in the frontal lobe. The other lobes (parietal, occipital, temporal) are primarily involved in different functions such as sensory processing (parietal), visual processing (occipital), and memory, language, and auditory processing (temporal). In this case, the symptoms described by the wife suggest a problem with the frontal lobe, making it the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse practitioner is assessing an adult patient with a seizure disorder that is well controlled on phenytoin (Dilantin). What new finding indicates that a phenytoin drug level assessment is needed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a flat affect and anxiety can indicate potential phenytoin toxicity, which warrants a drug level assessment. Phenytoin toxicity can manifest as neurological symptoms such as mood changes and cognitive impairment. Options A and B are unrelated to phenytoin levels. Option C indicates normal vital signs and is not a specific indicator of phenytoin toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A woman wears a size 7 shoe. She says, My feet are huge. I've asked three orthopedists to surgically reduce my feet. The patient tries to buy shoes to make her feet look smaller and, in social settings, conceals both feet under a table or chair. Which health problem is likely?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Body dysmorphic disorder. This disorder involves a preoccupation with perceived flaws in physical appearance that are not observable to others. In this case, the woman's belief that her feet are huge despite wearing a size 7 shoe indicates a distorted body image. She seeks surgical interventions and hides her feet, which are characteristic behaviors of individuals with body dysmorphic disorder. A: Dissociative amnesia with fugue involves memory loss and wandering behavior, which are not exhibited in this scenario. B: Illness anxiety disorder involves excessive worry about having a serious illness, which is not the focus of the woman's concern. D: Dissociative identity disorder involves the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states, which is not evident in this case.