Which of these hormones stimulates the release of pancreatic juice?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: secretin. Secretin is a hormone produced by the small intestine in response to acidic chyme entering the duodenum. It stimulates the release of pancreatic juice from the pancreas, which helps neutralize the acidic chyme. Summary: B: Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion in the stomach. C: Cholecystokinin stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and pancreatic enzymes. D: Insulin regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Small intestine. The small intestine is where most of the absorption of nutrients occurs due to its large surface area and presence of villi and microvilli. These structures increase the absorption capacity, allowing for efficient absorption of nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. The stomach primarily functions in the digestion of food through the action of stomach acid and enzymes, while the large intestine mainly absorbs water and electrolytes. The mouth is responsible for initial digestion through chewing and production of saliva but does not play a significant role in nutrient absorption.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vitamin B12. The jejunum is not the main site for absorption of Vitamin B12; instead, it is absorbed in the terminal ileum. Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids are primarily absorbed in the jejunum. Absorption of Vitamin B12 occurs in the ileum where it binds to intrinsic factor secreted by the stomach. Therefore, the jejunum is not the main site for absorption of Vitamin B12, making it the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the jejunum is indeed the main site for absorption of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The stomach primarily functions in digestion and does not have significant absorption capabilities. Glucose is absorbed in the small intestine through specialized transport mechanisms. Choices A (Ca) and D (aromatic amino acids) are primarily absorbed in the small intestine as well. Alcohol is absorbed in the stomach to a small extent, but the majority is absorbed in the small intestine. Therefore, the correct answer is C (Glucose) as it is primarily absorbed in the small intestine, not the stomach.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Congenital lesions causing vomiting in the first three days include pyloric stenosis and intestinal atresia. Pyloric stenosis typically presents with non-bilious projectile vomiting in the first few weeks of life, while intestinal atresia presents with bilious vomiting shortly after birth. Therefore, the correct answer is C, as both conditions can manifest with vomiting within the first three days of life. Choice A and B alone are incorrect because they each only represent one of the conditions, and choice D is incorrect as both conditions can present with vomiting in the specified time frame.