ATI RN
Questions On The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of these does not operate under a renal threshold mechanism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Creatinine is filtered and excreted without a threshold, unlike ascorbic acid, sodium, and citric acid (reabsorbed to limits). This identifies non-threshold excretion, key for GFR assessment, contrasting with regulated solutes.
Question 2 of 5
Which of these could appear in the urine from dieting or the utilization of excess lipids?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ketones appear in urine during fat breakdown (ketosis), not urea (protein), uric acid (purine), or glycine (amino acid). This highlights ketonuria, key for metabolic states, contrasting with nitrogenous waste.
Question 3 of 5
How much of the cardiac output passes through the kidneys?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kidneys receive ~25% of cardiac output (1.2 L/min), not 10%, 50%, or 65%. This quantifies renal perfusion, key for filtration, contrasting with under/overestimations.
Question 4 of 5
Where does ADH have its greatest effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ADH primarily acts on DCT and collecting duct (via aquaporins), not loop, PCT, or glomerulus. 'C' fits DCT focus here. This locates ADH action, key for urine concentration, contrasting with filtration sites.
Question 5 of 5
The total number of orifices for outgoing and incoming of urine through the bladder is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bladder has 3 orifices: 2 ureters (in), 1 urethra (out), not 2, 4, or 5. This counts bladder openings, vital for anatomy, contrasting with miscounts.