ATI RN
Med Surg Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the nurse's assigned patients should be referred to the dietitian for a complete nutritional assessment? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. This patient reporting intermittent nausea may have altered nutritional intake, which warrants a referral to the dietitian for a complete nutritional assessment. Nausea can affect food intake and nutrient absorption, potentially leading to malnutrition. Options B, C, and D do not directly indicate a need for a dietitian referral based on the information provided. The patient with rheumatoid arthritis taking prednisone may benefit from dietary interventions, but the information provided does not specify any nutritional concerns. The patient with fluctuating weight gains and losses may have nutritional issues, but further details are needed to justify a dietitian referral. The patient admitted for debridement of an infected wound may have increased nutritional needs due to wound healing, but this alone does not warrant a dietitian referral without additional information on the patient's nutritional status.
Question 2 of 5
Which organ has the most metabolically active cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: liver. The liver has the most metabolically active cells due to its crucial role in various metabolic processes, such as detoxification, protein synthesis, and glucose metabolism. It is responsible for producing enzymes and metabolizing nutrients. The pancreas, stomach, and small intestine are important organs, but they are not as metabolically active as the liver. The pancreas primarily produces digestive enzymes and regulates blood sugar levels. The stomach digests food, and the small intestine absorbs nutrients. However, in terms of overall metabolic activity, the liver surpasses these organs.
Question 3 of 5
The membrane that hangs like an apron over the intestines is the _____.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: greater omentum. The greater omentum is a membrane that hangs like an apron over the intestines, providing protection and insulation. It consists of fatty tissue and helps to limit the spread of infection within the abdominal cavity. The mesentery (choice A) is a different structure that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall. The visceral peritoneum (choice B) is the inner layer of the peritoneum that covers the organs, while the parietal peritoneum (choice C) is the outer layer that lines the abdominal cavity. Therefore, the greater omentum is the correct choice in this context.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following vitamins is fat-soluble?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: D. Vitamin D is fat-soluble because it can be stored in the body's fatty tissues and liver. This allows for a slower release into the bloodstream when needed. Vitamins B12, C, and E are water-soluble, meaning they dissolve in water and are not stored in the body. Vitamin B12 is stored in the liver, but it is not considered fat-soluble. Vitamin C is excreted through urine, and Vitamin E is stored in body tissues but not in fat. Therefore, the only fat-soluble vitamin among the options provided is Vitamin D.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The client asks about foods he should avoid eating. Which of the following foods should the nurse tell him to avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chocolate. Chocolate is high in fat and caffeine, which can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to increased acid reflux in GERD. Nonfat milk (A), apples (C), and oatmeal (D) are actually recommended for GERD as they are low in fat and acidic content, and can help reduce symptoms.