Which of the following will the nurse use when communicating with a client who has a cognitive impairment?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Short words and simple sentences. When communicating with a client who has a cognitive impairment, using short words and simple sentences is crucial as it helps facilitate understanding and reduces confusion. Complex explanations (A) may overwhelm the client. Pictures or gestures (B) might not always be effective if the client struggles to interpret them. Stimulating words and phrases (C) could potentially distract or confuse the client further. Therefore, D is the most appropriate choice to ensure clear and effective communication with a client who has a cognitive impairment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct initial response is C: "You've been feeling sad and alone for some time now?" This response acknowledges the client's emotions and opens up the conversation for further exploration. By reflecting the client's feelings back to them, the nurse shows empathy and encourages the client to continue sharing their emotions. It validates the client's experience without judgment or minimizing their feelings. Choice A is incorrect as it shifts the focus to the family's feelings, which may not be helpful in addressing the client's immediate emotional distress. Choice B is incorrect as it invalidates the client's current feelings by suggesting they will change with time. Choice D is incorrect as it does not directly address the client's expressed feelings of worthlessness and may come across as dismissive.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because identifying strategies that fit within the cultural context of the patient is essential for providing culturally competent care. This involves understanding the patient's beliefs, values, and practices to tailor interventions accordingly. A: Accurately interpreting the thinking of individual patients may not necessarily address their cultural needs. B: Predicting how a patient may perceive treatment interventions is important but does not guarantee culturally competent care. C: Formulating interventions to reduce the patient's ethnocentrism may not be appropriate or effective in all cultural contexts.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in traditional Asian American families, the father typically holds the authority in decision-making. This cultural norm influences how care decisions are made within the family. The father's role as the authority figure means that his opinions and decisions are highly regarded and often determine the course of action. This dynamic can impact the entire family's approach to care, including healthcare choices, financial decisions, and overall well-being. Choice B is incorrect because it goes against the traditional gender roles in Asian American families where the father usually holds the primary authority. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on individual decision-making, which may not align with the collective decision-making process often seen in Asian American families. Choice D is incorrect because emotional communication styles, while important, may not be the primary factor influencing decision-making about care in Asian American families.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Western, biomedical. The patient's focus on returning to work and managing emails indicates a perspective aligned with Western biomedical views, which prioritize physical health and treatment over spiritual or holistic approaches. This is evident in the patient's concern about productivity and work responsibilities, reflecting a biomedical understanding of illness as a disruption to daily life activities. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the patient's emphasis on work and productivity, which are more in line with Western biomedical perspectives.