ATI RN
Drugs for Peripheral Nervous System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following was most likely the disorder suffered by the patient's father?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Malignant hyperthermia. This disorder is characterized by a severe reaction to certain anesthesia drugs, leading to muscle rigidity, high fever, and potentially life-threatening complications. The patient's father likely experienced this disorder if he had a reaction during surgery. Acute intermittent porphyria (A) presents with abdominal pain and neuropsychiatric symptoms, not hyperthermia. Acute hepatitis (C) involves liver inflammation, not anesthesia reaction. Hemolytic anemia (D) is a condition where red blood cells are destroyed, not related to anesthesia.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following local anesthetics would be most appropriate for a 4-day-old boy with methemoglobinemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tetracaine. Tetracaine is a local anesthetic that is least likely to cause methemoglobinemia in infants due to its minimal systemic absorption. Lidocaine, benzocaine, and bupivacaine have been associated with an increased risk of methemoglobinemia, especially in young infants. Lidocaine and bupivacaine are more systemically absorbed and can lead to higher levels of methemoglobin formation. Benzocaine is particularly risky in infants due to its association with methemoglobinemia. Tetracaine, on the other hand, has a lower systemic absorption rate and therefore poses a lower risk of causing methemoglobinemia in infants, making it the most appropriate choice for a 4-day-old boy with this condition.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs was most likely administered to the patient who developed muscle rigidity, tachycardia, and high fever during surgery?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Dantrolene. The patient's symptoms indicate malignant hyperthermia, a life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetics like succinylcholine. Dantrolene is the specific antidote for malignant hyperthermia, as it inhibits muscle contraction and lowers body temperature. Succinylcholine (A) can trigger malignant hyperthermia, while cisatracurium (B) and vecuronium (D) are non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents unlikely to cause these symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drugs was most likely given to the 65-year-old woman undergoing hysterectomy to counteract tubocurarine-induced hypotension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dantrolene. Dantrolene is a muscle relaxant that acts directly on the skeletal muscle to reduce muscle tone and counteract tubocurarine-induced hypotension in the 65-year-old woman undergoing hysterectomy. Botulinum toxin is used for muscle spasticity, not hypotension. Succinylcholine is a short-acting muscle relaxant, not used for hypotension. Tubocurarine is the drug causing the hypotension, not used to counteract it.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs would be contraindicated for a patient undergoing major surgery to remove a breast carcinoma who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is a heavy smoker?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tubocurarine. Tubocurarine is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that can cause histamine release, leading to bronchoconstriction, which is dangerous for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a heavy smoker undergoing major surgery. Glycopyrrolate (B) is a muscarinic antagonist that can be used to reduce secretions during surgery. Clonidine (C) is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that can help with perioperative hypertension. Vecuronium (D) is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, like tubocurarine, but it does not cause histamine release, making it a safer option for this patient.