ATI RN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following types of hearing loss does the nurse understand is most improved with the use of a hearing aid?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve. This type of hearing loss is most commonly associated with aging or prolonged exposure to loud noises. Sensorineural hearing loss is typically permanent and cannot be medically or surgically corrected; however, it can be effectively managed with hearing aids. A hearing aid can amplify sound and help individuals with sensorineural hearing loss improve their ability to hear and communicate effectively. Conductive and mixed hearing losses may benefit from other interventions such as surgical procedures, while central hearing loss is related to the processing of sound in the brain and is not effectively managed by hearing aids.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy and is at risk for hypocalcemia. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should observe for muscle twitching and numbness or tingling of the lips, fingers, and toes in a client who had a thyroidectomy and is at risk for hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia is a potential complication following thyroidectomy because the parathyroid glands may be inadvertently removed or damaged during the surgery, leading to decreased calcium levels in the blood. Symptoms of hypocalcemia include muscle twitching (especially in the face), and numbness or tingling around the lips, fingers, and toes. Prompt recognition of these symptoms is crucial as severe hypocalcemia can lead to more serious complications, such as seizures and laryngospasm. Monitoring for these signs allows the nurse to intervene early and prevent further complications.
Question 3 of 5
A patient was diagnosed with hiatal hernia. She frequently has regurgitation and a sour taste on his mouth especially after eating large meals. Which action by the client shows understanding of her treatment regimen?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hiatal hernia is a condition where a part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm muscle. Symptoms often include regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to heartburn and a sour taste in the mouth. Avoiding triggers like caffeine, alcohol, and chocolate can help reduce acid reflux and alleviate symptoms. These substances can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and increase stomach acid production, worsening symptoms in patients with hiatal hernia. Therefore, avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and chocolate is a key aspect of managing hiatal hernia symptoms effectively. The other options provided do not directly address the underlying cause of the symptoms experienced by the patient with hiatal hernia.
Question 4 of 5
Nurse Raymond is giving instructions to an elderly client on diabetic foot care. Which teaching is not part of foot care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Washing your feet in hot water is not recommended for diabetic foot care as it can increase the risk of burns and skin damage due to reduced sensitivity and circulation in the feet. Instead, it is advised to wash your feet in warm water, not hot, and to thoroughly dry them, especially in between the toes, to prevent fungal infections.
Question 5 of 5
A client was brought to the emergency room with complains of difficulty of breathing. What can lead the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute respiratory failure characterized by rapidly progressive dyspnea, hypoxemia, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. The key signs of ARDS include severe respiratory distress, low partial pressure of oxygen (paO2), and bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray. In the given scenario, the client presenting with restlessness and suprasternal retractions along with a paO2 level of 62 indicates severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia, which are consistent with ARDS. Therefore, option C is the most indicative of ARDS among the choices provided.