ATI RN
Principles of Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following types of drug reaction was most likely experienced by the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Type I allergic reaction. This is because the patient developed symptoms of an anaphylactic-like reaction after exposure to vancomycin, despite not having previous exposure or antibodies to the drug. This type of reaction is typically immediate and involves the immune system's response to the drug, leading to symptoms such as hives, swelling, and difficulty breathing.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following was most likely the oral bioavailability of the drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The oral bioavailability of a drug can be calculated using the formula F = AUC oral / AUC IV, where AUC is the area under the concentration-time curve. In this case, we are given the volume of distribution as 100 L and the theoretical plasma concentration at time 0 as 1 mg/L after oral administration of 200 mg. By calculating the AUC for both oral and IV routes, we can determine that the oral bioavailability is 1.0, which corresponds to option D.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the curves best depicts the log dose-response curve of that agonist when a fixed dose of a competitive α antagonist is given concomitantly?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
A 17-year-old boy drank increasing amounts of alcohol when attending parties. He noticed that lately he was able to better tolerate alcohol effects and asked his physician the reason for this. The physician said that pharmacodynamic tolerance had probably occurred. Which of the following actions most likely mediated this tolerance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacodynamic tolerance refers to the body's ability to adapt to the effects of a drug, leading to decreased responsiveness. In this case, the boy's ability to better tolerate alcohol effects indicates a form of tolerance mediated by homeostatic adaptive changes that counteract the drug effect. This type of tolerance involves physiological adjustments to mitigate the impact of the drug, allowing the individual to withstand higher doses. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
Question 5 of 5
A 22-year-old woman suffering from asthma was prescribed albuterol by inhalation. Albuterol is a bronchodilating drug with a molecular weight of 239 daltons. Which of the following permeation processes most likely accounted for the transfer of the drug through the bronchial mucosa?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lipid diffusion is the most likely permeation process for the transfer of albuterol through the bronchial mucosa. Lipid-soluble molecules like albuterol can easily pass through the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. The other options are less likely mechanisms for the absorption of albuterol in this context.