Which of the following tubes is surgically inserted into the abdomen but goes to the small intestine?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is C) Jejunostomy tube. A jejunostomy tube is surgically inserted into the abdomen but goes to the small intestine, specifically the jejunum. This tube is used for enteral feeding and bypasses the stomach to deliver nutrients directly into the small intestine. Option A) Orogastric tube is incorrect because it is inserted through the mouth and ends in the stomach, not the small intestine. Option B) Nasogastric tube is inserted through the nose and ends in the stomach, not the small intestine. Option D) Gastrostomy tube is surgically inserted into the stomach, not the small intestine. Educationally, understanding the different types of feeding tubes is crucial for healthcare professionals working with patients who have gastrointestinal disorders and require enteral nutrition. Knowing the correct placement of each tube ensures proper administration of medications and nutrients, preventing complications and promoting patient well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). When a patient undergoes an EGD, it involves the insertion of a flexible scope through the mouth to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. After this procedure, monitoring for the return of the gag reflex is crucial to ensure the patient's safety and ability to protect their airway. LUQ (Left Upper Quadrant) pain, nausea, and vomiting are important signs to watch for as they could indicate complications post-procedure. Option A) ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) is not the correct answer because although it involves the gastrointestinal system, it focuses on the bile ducts and pancreas, not the upper GI tract. Option B) Barium swallow is incorrect as this procedure involves swallowing a contrast material to visualize the upper GI tract, but it is not an invasive procedure like an EGD that would require monitoring for specific post-procedural complications. Option C) Colonoscopy is also incorrect as it examines the large intestine, not the upper GI tract that is visualized during an EGD. The symptoms mentioned are not typically associated with a colonoscopy. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind post-procedural monitoring is essential for nursing practice to ensure patient safety and early detection of complications. By recognizing the specific signs and symptoms related to different diagnostic procedures, nurses can provide better care and interventions for their patients undergoing these tests.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option D) a piece of cheese the size of three dice. This option is correct because it provides a tangible and visual representation of an appropriate serving size, which can help the patient better understand portion control. Using a familiar object like dice makes it easier for the patient to visualize and remember the recommended portion size for cheese. Option A) a 6-inch bagel is incorrect because bagels are often larger than necessary for a single serving and can contribute to excessive calorie intake. Option B) 1 cup of chopped vegetables is also incorrect as it does not specifically address portion sizes for foods that are higher in fat and calories, like cheese. Option C) a 6-inch bagel is incorrect as it may not accurately represent an appropriate portion size for cheese. From an educational perspective, it is essential to teach patients about appropriate portion sizes to help them make healthier food choices and manage their weight effectively. Providing practical examples and visual aids, like comparing portion sizes to everyday objects, can enhance patient understanding and retention of nutrition information. This approach can empower patients to make informed decisions about their dietary habits and support their overall health and well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Encourage a high-calorie, high-protein diet. Rationale: Prior to a partial esophagectomy, the patient with esophageal cancer is at risk of malnutrition due to difficulty swallowing and the impending surgical intervention. A high-calorie, high-protein diet helps optimize the patient's nutritional status, promoting wound healing and overall recovery postoperatively. This intervention is crucial to enhance the patient's physiological reserves and reduce the risk of postoperative complications. Option A) Practice turning and deep breathing is important for postoperative care to prevent respiratory complications but is not the highest priority preoperatively for a patient undergoing a partial esophagectomy. Option B) Brush the teeth and mouth well each day is essential for oral hygiene but is not the highest priority preoperatively for a patient scheduled for surgery. Option D) Teach about postoperative tubes and cares is important for patient education but does not take precedence over addressing the patient's preoperative nutritional needs to optimize recovery. Educational Context: Understanding the priority nursing interventions for patients undergoing surgery is crucial for providing safe and effective care. Preoperative optimization, such as nutritional support, plays a vital role in enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the risk of complications. Nurses must prioritize interventions based on the patient's immediate needs to ensure holistic care and promote positive surgical outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "I may use over-the-counter Imodium or Parepectolin when I need to control the diarrhea," is the statement that indicates a need for additional teaching. This is because using anti-diarrheal medications like Imodium can be harmful in cases of infectious diarrhea as they can prolong the infection by trapping the infectious organism in the intestines. Option A, "I can use A&D ointment or Vaseline jelly around the anal area to protect my skin," is correct as it helps prevent skin irritation from frequent bowel movements. Option B, "Gatorade is a good liquid to drink because it replaces the fluid and salts I have lost," is a correct statement as it helps in rehydration by replacing lost fluids and electrolytes. Option D, "I must wash my hands after every bowel movement to prevent spreading the diarrhea to my family," is also correct as proper hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the spread of infectious diarrhea. In an educational context, it's important to emphasize the appropriate management of infectious diarrhea, including the avoidance of anti-diarrheal medications unless prescribed by a healthcare provider. Teaching patients about proper fluid intake, hygiene practices, and skin protection is essential for effective self-care management of gastrointestinal disorders.