Which of the following theories is an attempt to explain families as a set of interacting individuals with patterns of living that influence health decisions?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, understanding the dynamics of families and their impact on health decisions is crucial. The correct answer to the question is B) Systems theory. Systems theory views families as interconnected individuals who function as a unit, where each member's actions and decisions influence the overall system. This theory helps explain how family dynamics and patterns of living can either positively or negatively affect health choices and outcomes. Looking at the other options: A) Feminist theory focuses on gender inequalities and power dynamics within families, but it does not specifically address the interaction of individuals within a family unit in influencing health decisions. C) Developmental theory explains how individuals grow and change over time but does not specifically address the interplay of family members in making health decisions. D) Resiliency theory focuses on individuals' ability to adapt and thrive in the face of adversity, which is important but does not directly address the family as a unit influencing health decisions. Educationally, understanding systems theory in the context of families and health promotion is essential for healthcare professionals to develop interventions that consider the family as a whole unit. By recognizing how family dynamics impact health decisions, practitioners can tailor their approaches to promote positive health behaviors and outcomes within the family system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) because it is a critical topic for new parents to be aware of during the postpartum period. SIDS is a major concern for families with newborns, and educating parents about safe sleep practices can help reduce the risk of this tragic event. Discussing SIDS with the family allows the nurse to provide valuable information on creating a safe sleep environment for the baby. Option A) Type 1 diabetes is not directly related to the immediate postpartum care of a newborn and is not a typical topic discussed during follow-up care for a recently delivered family. Option B) Fetal alcohol syndrome is an important topic related to prenatal care and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, but it is not a primary concern in the immediate postpartum period. Option C) Communicable diseases, while important for overall health promotion, are not the most pressing issue to address when providing follow-up care for a family with a new baby. Educationally, discussing SIDS allows the nurse to emphasize the importance of safe sleep practices, such as placing the baby on their back to sleep, using a firm mattress, and avoiding soft bedding. This education empowers parents to take proactive steps to ensure the safety of their infant, promoting health and well-being within the family.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Interview members of the community. This option allows the nurse to directly gather information from the individuals affected by the issue of sedentary lifestyles and lack of safe exercise areas. By conducting interviews, the nurse can obtain firsthand accounts and perspectives, which can provide valuable insights into the community's beliefs and experiences related to exercise opportunities. This approach aligns with the principles of community assessment and participatory research, enabling the nurse to engage with community members in a meaningful way to better understand their needs and concerns. Option A, walking around the neighborhood, may provide some observational data but may not offer comprehensive insights into the community's perceptions and experiences. Option C, obtaining town morbidity and mortality rates, focuses on health outcomes rather than community beliefs and preferences regarding exercise. Option D, going to the town hall to obtain the number of parks, provides limited information about the availability of exercise spaces but does not address the underlying beliefs and barriers that may influence community members' exercise behaviors. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of community assessment and the value of engaging with community members to understand their perspectives and experiences. Nurses and healthcare professionals need to employ culturally sensitive and community-centered approaches to health promotion and maintenance, which involve actively listening to and involving community members in identifying and addressing health-related issues. Conducting interviews with community members allows for a more nuanced understanding of the factors contributing to sedentary lifestyles and can inform the development of targeted interventions to promote physical activity and overall well-being in the community.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is A) Cognitive-perceptual pattern. This functional health pattern provides information about problem-solving and decision-making within communities. The Cognitive-perceptual pattern focuses on an individual's ability to understand and interpret information, problem-solve, and make decisions. Within communities, this pattern is crucial as it influences how individuals think about and address issues collectively. Option B) Self-perception–self-concept pattern, focuses on self-esteem and self-image, which do not directly relate to community problem-solving. Option C) Coping-stress tolerance pattern, pertains to an individual’s ability to cope with stressors and does not specifically address community problem-solving. Option D) Health-perception–health-management pattern, is more about an individual's perception of health and how they manage their own health, rather than community-level decision-making. Understanding functional health patterns is essential in nursing practice as they provide a framework for holistic assessment. By recognizing the significance of each pattern, nurses can tailor interventions to promote health and well-being at individual and community levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of developing a health promotion program for church members, the correct answer is B) The majority of members are African American. This factor is the most significant because it identifies a specific demographic group that may have unique health needs and disparities that must be addressed in the program. African Americans in the United States often face higher rates of certain health conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, making it crucial for the community nurse to tailor interventions to address these specific health concerns. Option A) The majority of members live within a 3-mile radius may be convenient for logistical purposes, but it does not provide insight into the health needs of the population. Option C) The majority of members are high school graduates is important for understanding literacy levels but may not be as directly related to health promotion needs. Option D) The majority of members are employed is also relevant for considering time constraints but does not give specific information about health risks or needs within the community. In an educational context, understanding the demographics and health disparities within a specific community is essential for developing effective health promotion programs that address the unique needs of the population. By focusing on the specific health concerns of African American church members, the nurse can design interventions that are culturally sensitive, relevant, and impactful in improving health outcomes within the community.