Which of the following terms indicate the beginning of the fertile period when gametes are produced and secondary sex characteristics appear?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Puberty. Puberty is the stage of development when gametes are produced and secondary sex characteristics appear, marking the beginning of the fertile period. This period typically occurs between the ages of 10 to 14 in females and 12 to 16 in males. A: Teenage - Incorrect. Teenage refers to the age range between 13 to 19 and does not specifically indicate the onset of gamete production and secondary sex characteristics. B: Adolescence - Incorrect. Adolescence is a broader term that encompasses the period from childhood to adulthood, including puberty, but it does not specifically indicate the beginning of the fertile period. D: Juvenile - Incorrect. Juvenile refers to a young organism that has not reached sexual maturity and does not signify the beginning of gamete production and secondary sex characteristics.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gynecomastia. Gynecomastia refers to the abnormal enlargement of male breast tissue, which can be unilateral or bilateral. This condition is commonly caused by hormonal imbalances, medication side effects, or underlying medical conditions. Mastodynia (A) refers to breast pain, Mammocele (C) is a term for a breast cyst, and Teratoma (D) is a type of tumor that contains multiple types of tissue. Therefore, the correct term for male breast enlargement is gynecomastia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Testicular torsion. Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord twists, cutting off blood flow to the testicle. This can lead to severe pain and require emergency treatment to prevent tissue damage. Varicocele (A) is the enlargement of veins within the scrotum. Hydrocele (B) is the accumulation of fluid around the testicle. Cryptorchidism (C) is the condition of undescended testicles. Testicular torsion is the only choice that directly involves twisting of the spermatic cord leading to a medical emergency.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: tubercle. A tubercle is a small rounded projection on a bone where muscles and ligaments can attach. In this case, the large process on the femur that serves as an attachment site for muscles is a tubercle. Condyle (choice A) is a rounded prominence at the end of a bone, typically for articulation with another bone. Bone head (choice C) refers to the rounded end of a bone, usually forming a joint. Trochanter (choice D) is a large, blunt process on the femur that serves as an attachment point for muscles, but it is not the specific term for the large process on the femur mentioned in the question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Condyle. A condyle is a rounded, knuckle-like bony process found at joints, typically for articulation with another bone. Trochanter (A) is a large, blunt bony process, typically found on the femur. Tubercle (B) is a small, rounded bony prominence. Tuberosity (C) is a large, rounded bony prominence for muscle attachment. Therefore, only condyle fits the description of a rounded bony process at a joint.