ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Diseases NCLEX Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following teaching strategies would the nurse plan for a client with an anal fissure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Teach the client how to apply ice. Applying ice helps reduce inflammation and pain associated with anal fissures. It constricts blood vessels, decreases blood flow, and numbs the area, promoting healing. A: Teaching strategies to relieve diarrhea is not directly related to managing anal fissures. B: Instructing the client to not eat any fiber is incorrect because fiber helps soften stools and prevent constipation, which can worsen anal fissures. C: Teaching the client how to insert a suppository may not be necessary for managing anal fissures unless prescribed by a healthcare provider for specific reasons.
Question 2 of 5
To evaluate the effect of nutritional interventions for a patient with protein-calorie malnutrition, what is the best indicator for the nurse to use?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Mid-upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold are commonly used indicators to assess muscle and fat reserves in individuals with protein-calorie malnutrition. Mid-upper arm circumference reflects muscle mass, while triceps skinfold measures body fat. These indicators provide a comprehensive assessment of the patient's nutritional status, making them the best choice for evaluating the effectiveness of nutritional interventions. A: Height and weight do not provide a specific assessment of muscle and fat reserves and may not accurately reflect changes in nutritional status. B: Weight in relation to ideal body weight does not differentiate between muscle and fat mass, making it less specific for assessing protein-calorie malnutrition. C: BMI is a general indicator of weight status and does not specifically measure muscle and fat reserves, making it less suitable for evaluating nutritional interventions in patients with protein-calorie malnutrition.
Question 3 of 5
Which female patient is most likely to have metabolic syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the patient's blood pressure, HDL levels, and fasting blood glucose levels all indicate a higher likelihood of metabolic syndrome. High blood pressure, low HDL levels, and elevated blood glucose are key components of metabolic syndrome. Option A has normal blood pressure and slightly elevated triglycerides and blood glucose, but not as concerning as choice B. Option C has a normal blood pressure, slightly elevated triglycerides, and good HDL levels, which lowers the likelihood of metabolic syndrome. Option D has a normal blood pressure, very low HDL levels, and slightly elevated blood glucose, but the blood pressure is not in the hypertensive range as in choice B.
Question 4 of 5
What type of pain does the nurse expect a patient with an ulcer of the posterior portion of the duodenum to experience?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Back pain that occurs 2 to 4 hours following meals. This type of pain is characteristic of duodenal ulcers due to increased acid secretion post-meals. Pain occurs when acidic stomach contents enter the duodenum, stimulating pain receptors. Back pain is common as the ulcer is located in the posterior portion of the duodenum. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not correspond to the typical pain pattern of a duodenal ulcer. Choice A is more indicative of gastritis, Choice C is suggestive of peptic ulcer disease, and Choice D is more characteristic of gastric ulcers.
Question 5 of 5
A 22-year-old patient calls the outpatient clinic complaining of nausea and vomiting and right lower abdominal pain. What should the nurse advise the patient to do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient is experiencing symptoms that could indicate appendicitis, a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. Nausea, vomiting, and right lower abdominal pain are classic signs of appendicitis. Advising the patient to have the symptoms evaluated by a healthcare provider right away is crucial to prevent potential complications like a ruptured appendix. Choice A is incorrect because using a heating pad may worsen the condition if it is indeed appendicitis. Choice B is incorrect because drinking juice may not address the underlying cause of the symptoms. Choice C is incorrect because taking a laxative is not recommended as it could potentially aggravate the condition. In summary, choice D is the correct answer as it prioritizes the patient's health and safety by seeking prompt medical evaluation for the concerning symptoms.