Which of the following tasks is typical for an 18-month-old baby?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Pulling toys, which is typical for an 18-month-old baby. At this age, children are developing their fine and gross motor skills. Pulling toys helps in improving their muscle strength and coordination. It also fosters their curiosity and exploration abilities. Option A) Copying a circle involves more advanced fine motor skills and is typically seen in older children, around 3-4 years old. Option C) Playing with other children is a social interaction skill that starts developing more prominently after 2 years of age. Option D) Building a tower of eight blocks requires more refined hand-eye coordination and spatial awareness, skills that are usually acquired around 2-3 years of age. Educationally, understanding age-appropriate developmental milestones is crucial for healthcare providers, especially nurses working with pediatric patients. Recognizing what tasks are typical for different age groups guides the assessment of a child's growth and development, aiding in early identification of any potential delays or issues that may require further evaluation or intervention. This knowledge also informs the planning and implementation of appropriate nursing interventions to support the child's overall well-being and development.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Should help prepare his own snacks. In pediatric respiratory distress, involving the child in meal preparation can have numerous benefits. By helping to prepare snacks, the child can learn about healthy food choices, portion control, and develop a sense of independence and responsibility for their own well-being. Option A) Does not need to eat between meals is incorrect because children, especially those with increased energy needs due to respiratory distress, may benefit from nutritious snacks to maintain their energy levels throughout the day. Option B) Should eat snacks his mother prepares limits the child's involvement and learning opportunities in making healthy food choices. It is important for children to develop autonomy and decision-making skills when it comes to nutrition. Option D) Will instinctively select nutritional snacks assumes that the child will always make healthy choices without guidance or education. In reality, children need to be taught about nutrition and healthy snack options to make informed decisions. In an educational context, promoting children's involvement in meal preparation fosters important life skills and empowers them to make healthy food choices, which is crucial in managing pediatric respiratory distress and overall well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: For the first 3 days after childbirth, lochia is termed rubra. Lochia serosa follows, and then at about 11 days, the discharge becomes clear, colorless, or white. The body rids itself of increased plasma volume. Urine output of 3000 mL/day is common for the first few days after birth and is facilitated by hormonal changes in the mother. Bowel tone remains sluggish for days. Many women anticipate pain during defecation and are unwilling to exert pressure on the perineum. The new mother is hungry because of energy used in labor and thirsty because of fluid restrictions during labor.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Potential risks to the fetus can occur if pregnancy results within 3 months after rubella vaccine administration. The mother does need to understand potential side effects and that pregnancy is discouraged for 3 months. The mother should be afebrile before the vaccine. Small amounts of the vaccine do cross the breast milk, but it is believed that there is no need to discontinue breastfeeding.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pediatric respiratory distress nursing interventions, the assessment finding 24 hours after vaginal birth that would indicate a need for further intervention is a uterine fundus 2 cm above the umbilicus (Option D). This finding suggests uterine atony, which can lead to postpartum hemorrhage, a potentially life-threatening condition. A) Pain level 5 on a scale of 0 to 10 is subjective and can vary among individuals, not necessarily indicative of a need for further intervention in this specific context. B) A saturated pad over a 2-hour period could indicate excessive postpartum bleeding, but it is not directly related to respiratory distress in the pediatric population. C) Urinary output of 500 mL in one voiding is within the normal range for postpartum diuresis and does not specifically address pediatric respiratory distress. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to understand the importance of assessing postpartum women for signs of complications, including uterine atony, to intervene promptly and prevent serious consequences like hemorrhage. This scenario highlights the need for thorough assessment skills and knowledge of postpartum complications in pediatric nursing practice.