Which of the following structures needs to be repaired in a fractured penis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tunica albuginea repair is needed in penile fracture rupture during erection (e.g., intercourse), surgical fix restores integrity. Corpus spongiosum/urethra rarely tear separate. Corpora cavernosum is inside tunica contained. Buck's fascia may tear secondary. Tunica's role distinguishes it, critical for penile structure, unlike adjacent or contained tissues.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Genitofemoral nerve emerges anteriorly from psoas major, unlike iliohypogastric/ilioinguinal (lateral), femoral (lateral/posterior), or lumbosacral trunk (medial). This specifies lumbar plexus anatomy, vital for surgical approaches, contrasting with other trajectories.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperaldosteronism increases K+ excretion, causing hypokalemia not acidosis (hyperkalemia), insulin deficiency, or beta blockers (minimal effect). This links aldosterone to potassium, critical for endocrine-renal interplay, contrasting with other conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Urine acidification (H+ secretion) peaks in the collecting duct via intercalated cells not PCT, DCT, or ascending loop (diluting). This specifies pH regulation site, critical for acid-base, contrasting with earlier segments.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Renal lobule includes a medullary ray and adjacent cortex not pyramid alone, pyramid+cortex (lobe), or inter-pyramid cortex. This defines lobule anatomy, critical for histology, contrasting with lobe or cortex misdefinitions.