Which of the following structures are located inferior to the prostate on either side of the membranous urethra within the deep muscles of the perineum?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: bulbourethral gland. These glands are located inferior to the prostate on either side of the membranous urethra within the deep muscles of the perineum. They secrete a clear mucus-like fluid that neutralizes acidic urine in the urethra. The other choices are incorrect: B: Seminal vesicles are located posterior to the bladder and contribute to seminal fluid production. C: Ejaculatory ducts connect the vas deferens to the urethra and are not located in the deep muscles of the perineum. D: Urethral ducts are not a specific anatomical structure and do not exist in this context.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Candidiasis. Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by the Candida fungus, commonly affecting the reproductive system. It can cause symptoms like itching, burning, and abnormal discharge. A: Syphilis is a bacterial infection transmitted through sexual contact. B: Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection affecting the reproductive system. D: Genital Herpes is a viral infection that affects the genital area. In summary, Candidiasis is the only fungal disease listed, making it the correct choice for a fungal infection of the reproductive system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the fallopian tubes and pelvic organs. Step 2: PID is commonly caused by gonococcus or chlamydia infections. Step 3: Ovarian cyst (A) is a fluid-filled sac on the ovary, not related to infections. Step 4: Endometriosis (B) is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, not typically associated with infections. Step 5: Cervicitis (D) is an inflammation of the cervix, not involving the fallopian tubes and pelvic organs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Exenteration involves the removal of internal organs from a body cavity, often performed in cases of advanced cancer or severe infection. This procedure is extensive, removing multiple organs or structures within a body cavity. Conization is a surgical procedure to remove a cone-shaped piece of tissue, typically from the cervix. Dissection involves cutting through tissues for examination or study, not necessarily removing organs. Cauterization is the process of burning tissue to stop bleeding or remove unwanted tissue, not specifically related to removal of organs from a body cavity. Therefore, the correct answer is B because it specifically describes the removal of internal organs from a body cavity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fraternal twins. Fraternal twins result from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells, leading to siblings who share 50% of their genetic material. This is different from identical twins (choice D), which result from the fertilization of a single egg by a single sperm cell, leading to siblings who share 100% of their genetic material. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the process of fraternal twinning. Paternal twins (choice A) and maternal twins (choice B) are not commonly used terms in genetics to describe types of twinning.