Which of the following strategies would be most effective for increasing physical activity in an underserved community?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging walking groups in the community. This strategy promotes social support, accountability, and community engagement, which are crucial for sustaining physical activity long-term. Walking groups are cost-effective, inclusive, and accessible for all fitness levels. A: Providing free fitness classes may not address social barriers or ensure long-term engagement. C: Offering gym memberships may not be sustainable for the entire community and may not address cultural or social factors. D: Conducting a survey is important for understanding barriers but may not directly increase physical activity levels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Environmental factors refer to external elements that can impact community health. Nutritious food availability directly affects health outcomes by preventing malnutrition and chronic diseases. It influences overall well-being and disease prevention. B: Genetic makeup is an intrinsic factor, not an environmental factor. C: Health care providers' knowledge is important but not an environmental factor. D: Access to medical treatment is crucial but falls under healthcare infrastructure, not environmental factors. In summary, A is correct as it directly impacts community health, while the other choices are either intrinsic or related to healthcare services.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Environmental health impact assessments. These assessments provide comprehensive data on environmental health hazards in a community, including air and water quality, waste management, and potential risks. This data is crucial for identifying and addressing environmental health issues proactively. Incorrect choices: A: State health department reports may provide general health data but may not specifically focus on environmental health hazards. B: Community health surveys may capture some information on environmental health, but they may not be as comprehensive or reliable as formal impact assessments. D: Hospital admission data is useful for understanding healthcare needs but does not directly provide information on environmental health hazards.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing flu vaccines. This is an example of a public health initiative aimed at preventing communicable diseases because vaccines help prevent the spread of flu virus among individuals. By administering flu vaccines to a large population, the likelihood of a flu outbreak is reduced, thereby protecting the community from contracting and spreading the disease. Providing health screenings for breast cancer (B), promoting exercise to prevent obesity (C), and offering counseling services for mental health (D) are important health interventions, but they do not directly target communicable diseases like the flu.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because offering mental health screenings can help identify individuals at risk and provide timely interventions. It focuses on early detection and prevention, which are key components of promoting mental health at a community level. A: Providing support groups for individuals with depression is a treatment intervention rather than a preventive community health intervention. C: Providing resources for addiction recovery is important but not specifically aimed at promoting mental health in the general community. D: Providing education on coping strategies for stress is beneficial, but it does not specifically target mental health promotion through early identification and intervention like mental health screenings.