ATI RN
Basic Nursing Care Needs of the Patient PPT Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following strategies BEST prevents ventricular dysrhythmias in a patient undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ECG synchronization times shock waves to the refractory period of the cardiac cycle, minimizing the risk of ventricular dysrhythmias.
Question 2 of 5
During preoperative assessment for a 7:30 AM (0730) surgery, the nurse finds the patient drank a cup of coffee this morning. The nurse reports this information to the anesthesia provider. Which action does the nurse anticipate next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Coffee contains caffeine, which can affect anesthesia and surgery outcomes. Step 2: Anesthesia providers may delay or cancel surgery to avoid potential complications. Step 3: Patient safety is the top priority in surgery, so anesthesia providers may take precautions. Step 4: Delaying or canceling surgery allows time for the effects of caffeine to wear off. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Other choices are incorrect because addressing the components or reasons for coffee consumption are secondary to ensuring safe anesthesia administration.
Question 3 of 5
Your adult patient called for help after he began to vomit bright red blood. On arrival, the patient is found to be tachycardic and bleeding freely from his mouth. His respirations are shallow, and his skin is cool with a blood pressure of 68 systolic. His only history involves liver disease from chronic alcoholism. He denies drinking recently. What should be the goal of your pre-hospital intervention with this patient after ensuring his airway and applying oxygen therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fluid resuscitation to maintain a systolic blood pressure of 80-90 systolic. In this scenario, the patient is presenting with signs of hemorrhagic shock, such as tachycardia, hypotension, and cool skin. The primary goal of pre-hospital intervention is to stabilize the patient's hemodynamic status by restoring intravascular volume. The target systolic blood pressure range of 80-90 is appropriate for this situation to ensure adequate tissue perfusion without exacerbating bleeding. Choice B (maintaining a blood pressure of at least 100 systolic) may be too aggressive and risk further bleeding. Choice C (pharmacologic intervention) is not the initial priority in this acute situation. Choice D (maintaining high blood oxygen saturation) is important but not the primary goal; fluid resuscitation takes precedence in hemorrhagic shock to improve perfusion.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is experiencing a possible neurological emergency from a blunt force closed head injury. He is found to have abnormal pupillary reactions to light and has lost the ability to move his eyes from side to side to follow your finger movements. He is also unable to identify the number of fingers you are holding up. He reports he is able to see the fingers but is not able to focus enough to identify how many fingers are present. Which of the following cranial nerves should you suspect may be involved in his injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cranial nerves II, III, and IV. The patient's symptoms indicate dysfunction in vision, eye movement, and pupillary reactions, which are controlled by cranial nerves II (optic nerve), III (oculomotor nerve), and IV (trochlear nerve). The inability to identify fingers suggests optic nerve involvement, the inability to move eyes sideways indicates oculomotor nerve involvement, and abnormal pupillary reactions point to both oculomotor and optic nerve dysfunction. Choices A, B, and C do not cover the combination of cranial nerves responsible for the observed symptoms, making them incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
You are the first ambulance to arrive on the scene of a single-car accident. As you approach the scene, you see four patients, two have been ejected from their vehicle, and two are still in the vehicle. What should be your next course of action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Request additional resources, such as fire rescue, and additional ambulances to respond to the scene. This is the best course of action because in a single-car accident with four patients, the situation is likely to be complex and require multiple resources. Requesting additional help ensures that there are enough personnel and equipment on scene to effectively manage the situation and provide prompt care to all patients. This step is crucial for the safety and well-being of the patients and the responders. Summary of other choices: A: Calling medical control is important, but in this scenario, immediate action on scene is necessary before informing medical control. C: Starting immediate triage and treatment is important, but given the severity of the situation, additional resources are needed before focusing solely on the two ejected patients. D: Notifying the local trauma center is important, but the immediate priority is to ensure that all patients receive timely and appropriate care on scene before transferring them to a higher level of care.