Which of the following statements relating to oestrogen are incorrect

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because oestrogen actually has a negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus. When oestrogen levels rise, it signals the hypothalamus to stop producing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn decreases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) production. This negative feedback loop helps regulate the menstrual cycle. Choices B, C, and D are correct statements about oestrogen. Oestrogen does stimulate retention of fluid, growth of ovaries and follicles, and the development of female body characteristics.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: fallopian tubes. Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes where the sperm meets the egg. The fallopian tubes are where the egg is released from the ovary and where fertilization takes place. The uterus (choice A) is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus. The labia (choice C) are external genital structures and do not play a role in fertilization. The vagina (choice D) is the birth canal and does not directly participate in fertilization. Therefore, the fallopian tubes are the correct choice for the site of fertilization in the female reproductive system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: mammoplasty. "Mammo-" refers to the breast, and "-plasty" indicates surgical repair or reconstruction. This term specifically denotes surgical fixation of the breast(s). B: Mastopexy refers to a breast lift, not fixation. C: Hysteropexy involves fixing the uterus, not the breast. D: Vaginoplasty refers to surgical reconstruction of the vagina, not the breast.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The rete testis interposes between the seminiferous tubules and the efferent ducts in the male reproductive system. The correct answer is D because the rete testis acts as a connection between the seminiferous tubules where sperm is produced and the efferent ducts that transport the sperm out of the testes. The other choices (A, B, and C) are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the anatomical relationship between the rete testis and the structures mentioned.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C (corpora cavernosa) is correct: 1. Corpora cavernosa are erectile tissue in the penis, not internal male genital organs. 2. Testicles, deferent ducts, and bulbourethral glands are actual internal male genital organs. 3. Corpora cavernosa are involved in penile erection, not in male reproductive system functions. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Testicles - Produces sperm and male sex hormones. B: Deferent ducts - Transport sperm from the testicles to the urethra. D: Bulbourethral glands - Produce pre-ejaculatory fluid to lubricate the urethra.