ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements regarding colloid administration does the nurse identify as being true?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Colloids, such as albumin and synthetic colloids like hydroxyethyl starch, do not enhance the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. They can help to increase the intravascular volume in cases of hypovolemia by osmotically drawing fluid into the intravascular space. This can help improve tissue perfusion by increasing blood pressure. Colloids do not have a direct effect on oxygen-carrying capacity or coagulation properties. Dextran therapy can cause adverse effects like anaphylaxis or renal failure, but it is not a general contraindication for all colloid administration in the treatment of hypovolemia.
Question 2 of 5
The client's calcium level is low. What will be the nurse's primary concern?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low calcium (hypocalcemia) risks seizures-nerve excitability rises, per physiology-outweighing fractures (chronic), hypoglycemia (unrelated), or depression (indirect). Acute neurologic risk drives concern, per assessment.
Question 3 of 5
The patient is scheduled to have an EEG to confirm the presence of a sleep disorder. The patient asks the nurse to describe NREM stage 3 sleep. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NREM stage 3, deep sleep, restores energy-lack causes fatigue and mood dips, per sleep physiology. Stage 1 is lightest, anxiety-sensitive. Dreaming is REM, not here-irritability ties to REM loss. Paradoxical is REM. Deep sleep's role explains EEG focus, answering accurately.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse administers IV mannitol to a client with cerebral edema. Which parameter should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, reduces cerebral edema by drawing fluid into the vasculature, excreted via urine. Monitoring urine output ensures efficacy and prevents fluid overload or renal strain, critical in brain injury. BP and pupils matter but follow diuresis. Temperature is unrelated. Urine output aligns with mannitol's action, key in cerebral edema where ICP reduction hinges on fluid shift, making A the priority parameter.
Question 5 of 5
A 74-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation presents to the emergency department after bowel movement with bright red blood. Her blood pressure is 88/56 mm Hg with a pulse of 118 beats/minute. She is on warfarin for anticoagulation and a stat INR is 7.2. The decision is made to start transfusing blood. What is the most appropriate treatment to reverse the warfarin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warfarin overdose (INR 7.2, bleeding) needs reversal. Vitamin K -restores clotting factors long-term. Fresh frozen plasma acts faster but isn't sole therapy. Platelets don't reverse. Protamine is for heparin. Whole blood (E) isn't specific. Vitamin K is standard.