ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Tract Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements regarding caloric restriction (CR) is TRUE?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Resveratrol can mimic the effects of caloric restriction in worms, yeast, and flies. This is true because resveratrol, a compound found in red wine, has been shown to activate certain proteins and enzymes that are also activated during caloric restriction, leading to improved health and longevity in these organisms. A is incorrect because caloric restriction typically leads to decreased insulin signaling, not stimulation. C is incorrect because while CR has been shown to increase lifespan in various animal models, there is limited evidence to support its effects on human lifespan. D is incorrect because not all statements are true - only B is supported by scientific evidence.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse needs to administer feedings to a client who has diarrhea due to gastroenteritis. Which of the following factors should the nurse consider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Administer feedings at room temperature. When a client has diarrhea due to gastroenteritis, administering feedings at room temperature is crucial. Cold feedings can further irritate the gastrointestinal tract, exacerbating the diarrhea. Bolus feedings, which are large amounts of feedings given at once, can overwhelm the digestive system and worsen diarrhea. Intermittent feedings, given at intervals, may also be too much for the compromised gastrointestinal tract to handle. Educationally, understanding the impact of feeding temperature and frequency on gastrointestinal health is essential for nurses caring for clients with gastroenteritis. By choosing the correct answer, nurses can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing in these clients. It is important to consider the physiological responses of the gastrointestinal system to different feeding methods to provide optimal care for clients with diarrhea.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is giving a presentation to a group of colleagues about the prevention of hepatitis transmission. Which of the following recommendations would the nurse suggest a healthcare worker use when working in the hospital?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Perform handwashing even after removing gloves. This recommendation is crucial in preventing hepatitis transmission because thorough hand hygiene, including washing hands after glove removal, is essential in reducing the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Option B) Wear a gown only if body fluids may be splashed is incorrect as proper personal protective equipment, including gowns, should be worn whenever there is a risk of exposure to body fluids, not just when splashing is anticipated. Option C) Receive hepatitis A vaccine regardless of risk is incorrect as hepatitis A vaccine is not specifically related to preventing transmission in healthcare settings. Healthcare workers should follow standard precautions and receive the appropriate vaccines based on their job duties and exposure risks. Option D) Perform CPR without a pocket mask is incorrect as using a pocket mask during CPR is essential to prevent direct contact between the healthcare worker and the patient's respiratory secretions, reducing the risk of infection transmission. In an educational context, emphasizing the importance of hand hygiene, appropriate personal protective equipment use, vaccination based on exposure risks, and following proper infection control protocols are critical components of preventing healthcare-associated infections like hepatitis in hospital settings. Healthcare workers must be vigilant in following these recommendations to ensure patient and staff safety.
Question 4 of 5
Which characterizes auscultation of the abdomen?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) The presence of borborygmi indicates hyperperistalsis. Auscultation of the abdomen is a crucial component of the physical examination to assess gastrointestinal function. Borborygmi refers to the rumbling or gurgling noises produced by hyperactive bowel sounds, indicating increased intestinal peristalsis. This finding can be indicative of various conditions such as diarrhea, gastroenteritis, or early bowel obstruction. Option B) is incorrect because the diaphragm, not the bell, of the stethoscope is used to auscultate high-pitched sounds in the abdomen. The diaphragm is better at detecting higher-frequency sounds, which are typically heard in the abdomen. Option C) is vague and does not provide a specific characteristic of abdominal auscultation. High-pitched sounds can be present in normal bowel sounds as well as abnormal ones, so it does not accurately describe a hallmark finding. Option D) rushing is also too vague and does not provide a specific characteristic of abdominal auscultation. It does not relate to the specific sound of borborygmi or any other typical bowel sound. Educationally, understanding the significance of borborygmi in auscultation helps healthcare providers in diagnosing and monitoring gastrointestinal conditions. It underscores the importance of thorough physical examination skills in assessing patients comprehensively. Learning to differentiate various bowel sounds and their implications is essential for healthcare professionals in providing quality patient care.
Question 5 of 5
Priority Decision: Before selecting a weight reduction plan with an obese patient
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of selecting a weight reduction plan with an obese patient, the correct answer is D) Whether financial considerations will affect the patient's choices. This is the priority decision because the patient's financial situation can significantly impact their ability to access and sustain a weight reduction plan. Considering financial constraints allows healthcare providers to tailor recommendations that are feasible and sustainable for the patient. Option A) What is most important for the nurse to first assess is not the most critical in this scenario because financial considerations can have a more immediate impact on the patient's ability to engage in a weight reduction plan. Option B) The patient's motivation to lose weight is important but assessing financial considerations should come first as it can influence the patient's motivation and ability to follow through with a plan. Option C) The length of time that the patient has been obese is relevant for understanding their health history but does not take precedence over addressing financial factors that may affect their current and future weight reduction efforts. In an educational context, understanding the influence of social determinants of health, such as financial constraints, is crucial for providing patient-centered care. By prioritizing the assessment of financial considerations, healthcare providers can work collaboratively with patients to develop realistic and sustainable weight reduction plans that align with their individual needs and circumstances.