Which of the following statements is true of pain?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because pain is a subjective experience that can vary greatly from person to person. Factors like tolerance, perception, and emotional state influence how pain is experienced. Choice A is incorrect as pain perception differs among individuals. Choice B is incorrect because some may not express pain openly due to various reasons. Choice D is incorrect as monitoring pain levels is essential for effective management and treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because normal urine should have a clear or transparent color and a faint smell. Pink or red color (choice A) indicates presence of blood, cloudiness (choice B) may indicate infection, and presence of protein or glucose (choice D) suggests potential health issues. Choosing C ensures a healthy urinary system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 12 months after a woman's last menstrual period. Menopause typically occurs around the age of 45-55 when the ovaries stop releasing eggs and hormone levels decline. This results in the cessation of menstrual periods. Menopause is confirmed after 12 consecutive months without a period. Choice B is incorrect because menopause is not solely determined by age, although it commonly occurs in women in their late 40s to early 50s. Choice C is incorrect because menopause is a natural biological process, not a decision made by the woman. Choice D is incorrect because menopause does not occur 3 months after giving birth; this period is known as postpartum.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Angina pectoris. Angina pectoris refers to chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. It is a symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD). Myocardial ischemia (A) is the inadequate blood supply to the heart muscle. Coronary artery disease (C) is a condition where the blood vessels supplying the heart are narrowed or blocked. Hypertension (D) is high blood pressure, which can be a risk factor for CAD but does not specifically refer to chest pain itself. Therefore, Angina pectoris is the most appropriate term for chest pain related to heart conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pain and stiffness increase in cold or damp weather. This is true because cold and damp weather can exacerbate symptoms of osteoarthritis due to changes in barometric pressure affecting joint fluid thickness and pain receptors. Choice A is incorrect as the jaw and neck are not typically affected by osteoarthritis. Choice C is incorrect as antibiotics are not used to treat osteoarthritis, rather medications like NSAIDs are more commonly prescribed. Choice D is incorrect as many individuals with osteoarthritis can still perform activities of daily living with appropriate management and treatment.