Which of the following statements is true of ostomies?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because people with ostomies need regular skin care and hygiene to prevent skin irritation and infection. Regular skin care helps maintain the skin around the stoma healthy. Choice A is incorrect because ostomies do require special care. Choice B is incorrect as many people may feel embarrassed by their ostomies. Choice C is incorrect as privacy is important when providing ostomy care to respect the individual's dignity and confidentiality.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Transports oxygen and hormones to cells. The circulatory system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The main function is to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products. Oxygen is carried by red blood cells, while hormones are transported in the bloodstream. A: Senses and interprets information from the environment - This function is carried out by the nervous system, particularly the sensory organs like eyes and ears. B: Cushions the brain and spinal cord - This function is performed by the cerebrospinal fluid and protective structures like the skull and vertebrae. C: Allows humans to reproduce - Reproduction is controlled by the reproductive system, not the circulatory system. In summary, the circulatory system's primary function is to transport oxygen and hormones to cells, making option D the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Atrophy. Atrophy is the term used to describe the weakening, wasting away, and decrease in size of a muscle due to disuse or lack of physical activity. This process results in a reduction in muscle mass and strength. Dystrophy (choice A) refers to a disorder causing muscle weakness, but not necessarily due to disuse. Contracture (choice C) is a condition characterized by the shortening and tightening of muscles, tendons, or other tissues, leading to limited range of motion. Dislocation (choice D) is the displacement of bones from their normal positions at a joint, not related to muscle wasting.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because using the face of an imaginary clock to explain object positions is a helpful technique for individuals with visual impairments to understand spatial relationships. This method is clear and easy to visualize, making it effective in communication. It promotes independence and enhances the person's understanding of their surroundings. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: B: Keeping the room dark can further hinder the individual's ability to see and navigate their environment. C: Walking behind the resident and touching their back can startle or make them uncomfortable. It's important to offer support from the side to maintain their sense of safety. D: Touching the resident before identifying yourself can be alarming and invade their personal space. It's crucial to introduce yourself first to establish trust and ensure clear communication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Problems with circulation. Diabetes can lead to complications such as peripheral artery disease and neuropathy, which can impair blood flow and sensation in the extremities. This can result in poor wound healing, infections, and even amputations. Chronic cough (A), lack of appetite (C), and improved ability to perform strenuous exercise (D) are not directly associated with diabetes-related complications.