ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements is true:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ventral and dorsal roots come together in the intervertebral foramina to form the spinal nervwhich then subsequently branch into ventral and dorsal rami . This accurately describspinal nerve formation: ventral (motor) and dorsal (sensory) roots unite in the intervertebral foramina to form spinal nerves, which then split into rami. Choice A is incorrect (CSF is in the subarachnoid space, not subdural). Choice B is wrong (correct order is dura, arachnoid, pia). Choice C is false (cauda equina includboth ventral and dorsal roots). Thus, D is the only true statement, making it the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A 40 years old worker suffered from lower back pain in the gluteal region, physical examination revealed a sensory defect in the anterolateral aspect of his leg. Also, the patient cant stand on his heels. The patient has a herniated disc in what region:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: L4-L5 . The symptoms gluteal pain, sensory loss in the anterolateral leg, and inability to stand on heels (weak tibialis anterior) indicate L5 nerve root compression, most commonly from an L4-L5 disc herniation. Choice A (L3-L4) affects L4, causing medial leg sensory loss and knee weakness. Choice C (L5-S1) affects S1, causing posterior leg/calf issuand tiptoe weakness. Choice D (S1-S2) affects S2, unrelated to these symptoms. Thus, L4-L5 matchthe L5 root symptoms, making B correct.
Question 3 of 5
Lamina 3 and 4 of grey matter of spinal cord contains:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nucleus proprius . Laminae III and IV of the spinal cord gray matter contain the nucleus proprius, which processsensory input like fine touch and pressure, relaying it to ascending pathways. Choice A (intermedio-medial nucleus) is in lamina VII, for visceral functions. Choice B (intermedio-lateral nucleus) is in lamina VII (T1-L2), for sympathetic neurons. Choice D (substantia gelatinosa) is in lamina II, for pain and temperature. Thus, C correctly identifithe nucleus proprius in laminae III-IV, making it the right answer.
Question 4 of 5
All of the following statements apply to first order neurons that transmit discriminative tactile sensations from the arm EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: They form internal arcuate fibers as they decussate , which is false for first-order neurons. In the dorsal column pathway, first-order neurons from the arm (pseudounipolar, D) ascend in the fasciculus cuneatus and synapse in the nucleus cuneatus . Second-order neurons from the nucleus cuneatus form internal arcuate fibers and decussate. Choice C attributthis to first-order neurons, which dont decussate they end in the medulla. Thus, C is the exception, making it the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
One of the following structuris important to recognize the position of the lower limbs:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: the gracile tract. The fasciculus gracilis (gracile tract) in the dorsal column carriconscious proprioception from the lower limbs, synapsing in the nucleus gracilis, then via medial lemniscus to the cortex. Choice A (medial lemniscus) is part but not the initial structure. Choice B (dorsal spinocerebellar) is for unconscious proprioception to cerebellum. Choice C (spinothalamic) is for pain/temperature. Choice D (ventral spinocerebellar) is also unconscious. Thus, D (gracile tract) is specific for lower limb position sense, making it correct.