Which of the following statements is true?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Theta waves are 4-7 Hz (not 1-3, ruling out A), alpha waves appear by 3-4 months (not after 4 years, ruling out B), sensory memory recall lasts seconds (C is true), and REM sleep cycles are ~10-20 minutes, not 30 (D). C is correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The basal ganglia initiate and modulate movements (B, correct), not fine skill (A, cerebellum), equilibrium (C, cerebellum), or speech motor control (D, partial frontal/basal role). B is primary.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cerebellar dysfunction causes past pointing (B, ataxia), hypotonia (not A), wide-based gait (not shuffling, C), and intention tremor (not resting, D). B is correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Taste travels via cranial nerves (VII, IX, X) to the medulla, then thalamus (A, correct), and cortex. Internal capsule (B) is a pathway, trochlear (C) is eye movement, and hypoglossal (D) is tongue movement. A is correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The pons (B) is the major input to the cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle, relaying cortical signals for coordination. The midbrain (A) and medulla (C) have lesser roles, and spinal cord (D) input is via inferior peduncles. B is correct.