Which of the following statements is not true about the psychophysiology of eating?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The dreams of starved individuals are not affected by their state , which is false. Starvation alters dreams studilike the Minnesota Starvation Experiment (1944) showed food-obsessed dreams in starved subjects. Choice B is true; the lateral hypothalamus drivhunger, per lesion studies. Choice C is correct; insulin lowers blood sugar, increasing appetite. Choice D is accurate; direct stomach injection suppressappetite via stretch receptor feedback. is true; stomach distention signals the VMH (satiety center) to reduce hunger. As falsehood is evident in psychological data hunger permeatcognition, including dreams contrasting with the physiological truths of B-E, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Employment record , per the document, though context is unclear. Employment record reflects behavioral consistency (e.g., responsibility), a key personality indicator in occupational psychology. Choice A (family life) influencpersonality but is less direct family shaptraits, not assessthem. Choice B (relationships) reveals traits (e.g., agreeableness) but is subjective and variable. Choice C (professional affiliations) shows interests, not core traits. Ds prominence likely tito observable, longitudinal data (e.g., job performance reflecting conscientiousness), unlike the formative (A, B) or associative factors. Without slides, D aligns with practical assessment norms, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationalization is a rare defense mechanism , which is false. Rationalization justifying behavior with excusis common, not rare, per Freudian and clinical observations. Choice A is true; reaction formation flips impuls(e.g., hate to love). Choice B is correct; intolerable anxiety triggers defenses. Choice D is accurate; denial is frequent in cancer patients facing diagnosis. is true; projection attributfeelings to others. Cs falsehood rationalizations prevalence in everyday excus(e.g., I didnt want it anyway) contrasts with the established rolof A, B, D, E, making it the exception and correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Doctors overestimate the amount of information they give to patients . Studishow doctors overestimate patient comprehension, impacting adherence (e.g., Ong et al., 2000). Choice A is false; emotional cluare often overlooked for biomedical focus. Choice C is incorrect; relationship quality affects drug response via trust. Choice D is wrong; patients value empathy too. is false; casdepersonalizes, reducing rapport. Bs truth overestimation as a communication gap is evident in clinical errors, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Increased spinal reflex, which is false. REM sleep featurmotor inhibition (atonia), reducing spinal reflexto prevent acting out dreams, per polysomnography. Choice A is true; cerebral blood flow rises, supporting brain activity. Choice B is correct; temperature increasslightly. Choice C is accurate; EEG shows desynchronized, rapid waves. Choice D is true; vivid dreams define REM. falsehood reflexdecrease, as in REM atonia preventing movement contrasts with the active brain statof A-D, making it the exception and correct answer.