Which of the following statements about the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) is correct?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) The DRI is used to plan and assess diets of healthy people. Explanation of why C is correct: The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) are a set of reference values that are used to plan and assess the nutrient intakes of healthy individuals. These values include Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) that serve as guidelines for nutrient intake to maintain health and prevent chronic diseases. Explanation of why others are wrong: A) The DRI is not specifically focused on monitoring deficiencies in nutritional intakes of obese populations. It is a broader set of guidelines applicable to all healthy individuals. B) While the DRI does establish minimal amounts of nutrients to prevent deficiencies, its primary purpose is not solely to protect against nutrient deficiency but to provide comprehensive guidance on nutrient intake. D) The DRI does set guidelines to reduce the risk of adverse outcomes from inadequate nutrient consumption, but it is not solely focused on minimal guidelines. It provides a range of values to promote optimal health. Educational context: Understanding the purpose of the Dietary Reference Intakes is essential for healthcare professionals to guide individuals in achieving proper nutritional intake. By knowing how to interpret and apply the DRI values, healthcare providers can help individuals make informed dietary choices to support their overall health and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is option A) a 66-year-old White woman. Osteoporosis is more common in women, especially postmenopausal White women, due to lower peak bone mass and accelerated bone loss after menopause. This demographic group is at the highest risk for hip fractures related to osteoporosis. Option B) a 66-year-old African American woman has a lower risk compared to White women due to generally higher bone mineral density in African American women. Option C) a 66-year-old White man has a lower risk than a White woman due to men typically having higher peak bone mass and slower bone loss compared to women. Option D) a 66-year-old African American man also has a lower risk compared to White women due to higher bone mineral density in African American individuals. Educationally, understanding the demographic and gender-specific risks associated with osteoporosis and hip fractures is crucial for healthcare providers to provide targeted prevention strategies and care for at-risk individuals. Encouraging weight-bearing exercise, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, and screening for osteoporosis can help reduce the risk of hip fractures in high-risk populations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Encouraging an active lifestyle during childhood years. This intervention aligns with primary prevention strategies aimed at preventing obesity before it occurs. By promoting an active lifestyle in childhood, healthy habits are established early, reducing the risk of obesity in adulthood. Option B) Prescribing orlistat (Alli) is a pharmacological intervention used for weight management but not a primary prevention strategy. Option C) Recommending the Jenny Craig program and Option D) Recommending gastric banding surgery are both interventions suited for individuals who already have obesity, focusing on treatment rather than prevention. In an educational context, it's crucial for nurses to understand the principles of primary prevention in addressing health issues like obesity. By promoting healthy behaviors and lifestyles from a young age, healthcare professionals can play a proactive role in preventing obesity and its associated complications, ultimately promoting better long-term health outcomes for individuals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of preventing bone loss, the nurse would recommend walking as the best exercise for a 35-year-old woman. Walking is a weight-bearing exercise that helps in building and maintaining bone density. Weight-bearing exercises, like walking, stimulate bone-forming cells, which can help prevent osteoporosis and bone loss. Swimming and bike riding are not weight-bearing exercises and do not provide the same bone-strengthening benefits as walking. While swimming and biking are excellent cardiovascular exercises, they do not directly impact bone health. Weight training is also beneficial for bone health, as it helps build muscle strength and can indirectly support bone density, but walking is typically more accessible and easier for individuals to incorporate into their daily routine. Educationally, it's important to understand the difference between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing exercises when discussing bone health. Encouraging individuals to engage in weight-bearing activities like walking can have long-term benefits in preventing bone loss and maintaining overall bone health. It's essential to tailor exercise recommendations to individual needs and capabilities while emphasizing the importance of regular physical activity for optimal health outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate response from the nurse is option C: “Weight lifting has many purposes and benefits; can we talk about them?” This response is correct because it acknowledges the woman's concerns and opens up a dialogue to provide education about the benefits of resistance training. Option A is incorrect because suggesting one hour of aerobics every day does not address the woman's resistance to weight lifting and does not provide a well-rounded exercise program. Option B is incorrect because while lifting weights can be beneficial, it does not address the woman's specific concerns and preferences. Option D is inappropriate as it focuses on appearance rather than the health benefits of exercise. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to understand and address individual preferences and concerns when promoting health behaviors. By engaging in a conversation with the woman about the benefits of resistance training, the nurse can provide evidence-based information to help her make informed decisions about her exercise routine. This approach promotes patient-centered care and empowers individuals to take control of their health.