Which of the following statements about non-expansion states is/are true, according to the CRS’s overview of Medicaid expansion?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (FMAP) rate refers to the share of Medicaid expenses paid by the federal government. Non-expansion states have the same FMAP rate as expansion states, as mandated by federal law. This is to ensure that states that did not expand Medicaid still receive the same federal funding support for their Medicaid programs as the expansion states. A: This statement is incorrect because Medicaid income eligibility for parents in non-expansion states varies and is not necessarily set at 100% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL). B: This statement is incorrect because eligibility criteria for adults without dependent children in non-expansion states vary and may differ from state to state. C: This statement is incorrect because the distribution of individuals in the coverage gap varies among non-expansion states, not just limited to Texas and Florida.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a frontier area is typically characterized by low population density, making it sparsely populated. A population growth of less than six persons per square mile aligns with this definition. On the other hand, choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the key characteristic of low population density associated with frontier areas. Choice B specifies a slightly higher population density threshold, while choice C refers to urbanization, which is not a defining feature of frontier areas. Choice D, rapid population growth, is contrary to the typical slow population growth associated with frontier regions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because demographics and individual characteristics play a crucial role in determining rural health needs. Factors such as age, gender, income level, education, and cultural background directly impact healthcare access and utilization. Understanding these characteristics helps tailor healthcare services to meet specific needs. Choice B, geography, and local environment can influence health outcomes but are not the primary determinant of health needs. Choice C, access to resources, is important but is a result of demographic factors. Choice D, political structure, may indirectly impact healthcare provision but is not a direct influencer of health needs in rural areas.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because persistent poverty refers to a prolonged period of poverty. A county would be defined as having persistent poverty if its population has been in poverty for over 30 years. This timeframe demonstrates a long-standing issue of poverty that has persisted for a significant duration. Choices A, B, and C do not meet the threshold for persistent poverty as they represent shorter durations. Choice A (10 years) and B (20 years) may indicate some level of sustained poverty but do not fully capture the concept of persistent poverty. Choice C (25 years) is closer but still falls short of the extended timeframe required to be considered persistent poverty. Thus, the correct answer is D as it aligns with the definition of persistent poverty as a prolonged period of poverty lasting over 30 years.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Obesity and sedentary lifestyle. In rural areas of the South, access to healthy food options and recreational facilities may be limited, leading to higher rates of obesity and sedentary lifestyles. Furthermore, agricultural work in rural areas can be physically demanding, but it may not provide adequate exercise to combat sedentary behaviors. Choice B (Homicide and motor vehicle accidents) is less prevalent in rural areas due to lower population density and less traffic congestion. Choice C (Mental health issues and suicide) may be influenced by various factors, not specifically tied to rural areas. Choice D (Increased smoking and alcohol use) is not necessarily more prevalent in rural areas compared to urban areas.