ATI RN
NCLEX Questions for Neurological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements about axon-guidance is TRUE?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cadherins are cell adhesion molecules that mediate short-range contact attraction, guiding axons to their targets. Netrins, semaphorins, and ephrins also play roles in axon guidance, but they function through different mechanisms, such as long-range chemotaxis or repulsion. This diversity of guidance cues ensures precise navigation of growing axons.
Question 2 of 5
Which nervous system structure is associated with control of hunger?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A patient reports nearly having a motor vehicle crash and states that his heart was pounding and he was breathing heavy and fast. Currently, the patient's heart rate and breathing are within normal limits. Which neurotransmitter has resumed control after the patient's incident?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter responsible for mediating parasympathetic (rest-and-digest) functions, which resume control after a sympathetic (fight-or-flight) response. Norepinephrine mediates the sympathetic response, while serotonin and prostaglandins are involved in mood and pain regulation. Understanding neurotransmitter roles is key to explaining autonomic nervous system function.
Question 4 of 5
When the nurse shines a light in a patient's left pupil, both of the pupils constrict. What type of response should the nurse document?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A consensual response occurs when light shone in one eye causes both pupils to constrict. A direct response involves constriction of the illuminated pupil only, while accommodation is the ability to focus on near objects. Documenting a consensual response is important for assessing cranial nerve function.
Question 5 of 5
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that provides for communication between muscles and nerves. When there is a problem with the interaction between acetylcholine and the acetylcholine receptor sites on the muscles, which condition(s) can occur?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Myasthenia gravis and botulism are conditions that result from impaired acetylcholine function. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder that blocks acetylcholine receptors, while botulism prevents acetylcholine release. Multiple sclerosis affects the myelin sheath, not acetylcholine. Understanding these conditions highlights the importance of acetylcholine in neuromuscular communication.