Which of the following sports drinks would BEST promote BOTH glucose absorption and water absorption (hydration) during aerobic exercise?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drink D with 8% carbohydrate and contains sodium. During aerobic exercise, glucose and sodium are crucial for optimal hydration and energy replenishment. The 8% carbohydrate concentration is within the recommended range for efficient glucose absorption, while the presence of sodium helps in fluid retention and electrolyte balance. Choices A and B lack sodium, which is necessary for hydration. Choice C has the right carbohydrate concentration but lacks sodium, making it less effective compared to Drink D.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client scheduled for a gallbladder series test is not to eat or drink until the test is complete. This is because the test requires fasting to ensure clear visualization of the gallbladder and surrounding structures. Eating or drinking could interfere with the results by causing gallbladder contraction or obscuring the images. A) Instructing the client to remain on a low-residue diet is not necessary for this specific test and may not provide the required fasting. B) Taking a laxative or cleansing enemas is not typically required for a gallbladder series test and can be unnecessary and may even be harmful.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because smoking can lead to chronic coughing and sneezing, which may increase intra-abdominal pressure. This can be detrimental post-surgery, especially in herniation cases where increased pressure can strain the surgical site, leading to complications like wound dehiscence or hernia recurrence. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the impact of smoking on intra-abdominal pressure. Choice C is also incorrect as it focuses on medication contraindications rather than the physiological effects of smoking on surgical outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Colostomy. A colostomy is an opening in the large bowel created by bringing a section of the large intestine out to the abdomen to form a stoma. This procedure is typically done to divert stool in cases of colorectal diseases or surgeries. A: Continent ileostomy - This choice is incorrect because a continent ileostomy involves creating a pouch inside the body to collect waste, rather than bringing a section of the large intestine out to the abdomen. C: Ileostomy - This choice is incorrect because an ileostomy involves bringing the end of the small intestine out to the abdomen to create a stoma, not a section of the large intestine. D: Ileoanal reservoir - This choice is incorrect as it refers to a surgical procedure where the colon and rectum are removed, and a pouch is created from the small intestine to restore bowel function, not to create a stoma in the large bowel.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an alteration in ingestion, absorption, or metabolism can lead to secondary protein-calorie malnutrition. This can occur due to various medical conditions affecting the digestive system, such as malabsorption syndromes or metabolic disorders. The other choices are incorrect because the primary cause of secondary protein-calorie malnutrition in the US is not the unavailability of high-protein foods, lack of knowledge about nutritional needs, or lack of money to purchase such foods. These factors may contribute to malnutrition but are not the most common cause in this context.