ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following should a nurse instruct a client with symptomatic gallstones to avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Symptomatic gallstones can be aggravated by caffeine, which stimulates gallbladder contractions, leading to pain. Avoiding coffee and caffeine-containing products helps reduce symptoms. Summary: - B: Fruits and fruit juices are generally healthy and do not directly impact gallstones. - C: Milk and milk products do not have a direct effect on gallstones. - D: Potassium-rich foods are beneficial for overall health and not specifically contraindicated for gallstones.
Question 2 of 5
When planning nutritional interventions for a healthy 83-year-old man, the nurse recognizes what factor is most likely to affect his nutritional status?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Living alone on a fixed income. This is because social factors, such as living alone, can impact an individual's access to and ability to afford nutritious foods. Being on a fixed income may limit the man's ability to purchase healthy foods, leading to potential malnutrition. Choice B, an increase in GI motility and absorption, is incorrect as it does not directly impact the man's nutritional status. Choice C, changes in cardiovascular function, may affect overall health but does not specifically address nutritional status. Choice D, snacking between meals, is less likely to be the primary factor affecting the man's nutritional status compared to his living situation and financial constraints.
Question 3 of 5
What physiologically occurs with vomiting?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because vomiting involves the coordination of various structures and processes. The glottis closes to prevent aspiration, respiratory expiration aids in expelling contents, pylorus relaxes to allow stomach contents to move upward, and lower esophageal sphincter closes to prevent reflux. Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect - Metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, is commonly associated with persistent vomiting due to loss of hydrochloric acid. B: Incorrect - Stimulation of the vomiting center by the CTZ is commonly triggered by chemicals/toxins, not stretch and distention of hollow organs. D: Incorrect - The parasympathetic nervous system stimulation occurs after the act of vomiting to aid in clearing the stomach.
Question 4 of 5
What is the rationale for treating acute exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease with NG intubation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because NG intubation helps remove stimulation for hydrochloric acid and pepsin secretion by keeping the stomach empty. By reducing gastric acid production, it allows the ulcer to heal. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on a different aspect of treatment. Choice B is incorrect because NG intubation is not primarily for removing excess fluids and undigested food. Choice C is incorrect as the primary purpose of NG intubation in this context is not to provide missing nutrients but to reduce acid secretion.
Question 5 of 5
Priority Decision: A patient with a gunshot wound to the abdomen complains of increasing abdominal pain several hours after surgery to repair the bowel. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the health care provider. In this scenario, the patient's increasing abdominal pain after surgery could indicate a complication or deterioration in their condition. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately allows for prompt assessment and intervention to prevent further harm. Taking vital signs (choice A) can provide important information but may not address the underlying issue. Positioning the patient with knees flexed (choice C) and determining IV intake (choice D) are important, but addressing the worsening abdominal pain takes precedence.