ATI RN
Respiratory System Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following serum lab values is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: LDL 150 mg/dL. LDL cholesterol is known as "bad" cholesterol, and high levels are a risk factor for atherosclerosis. LDL can build up in the arteries, leading to plaque formation and narrowing of blood vessels. Elevated LDL levels increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Summary: B: Triglycerides 140 mg/dL - Elevated triglycerides are a risk factor for heart disease, but not as directly linked to atherosclerosis as LDL. C: Cholesterol 190 mg/dL - Total cholesterol includes both HDL and LDL, so this value alone does not specify the risk factor for atherosclerosis. D: HDL 100mg/dL - High levels of HDL are actually considered beneficial as it is known as "good" cholesterol and helps to remove LDL from the bloodstream, reducing the risk of atherosclerosis.
Question 2 of 5
Regarding control of ventilation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Peripheral chemoreceptors respond to decreases in arterial pO2. These chemoreceptors located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies detect changes in arterial pO2 levels, triggering an increase in ventilation to compensate for low oxygen levels. The apneustic center (A) is located in the pons, not the medulla. Central chemoreceptors (B) primarily respond to changes in arterial CO2 levels, not oxygen concentrations. The chemoreceptors in the aortic bodies (C) primarily respond to changes in arterial pCO2, not pH. Overall, choice D is correct due to the specific role of peripheral chemoreceptors in detecting decreases in arterial pO2 levels and regulating ventilation accordingly.
Question 3 of 5
Rhea, confused and short breath, is brought to the emergency department by a family member. The medical history reveals chronic bronchitis and hypertension. To learn more about the current respiratory problem, the doctor orders a chest x-ray and arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. When reviewing the ABG report, the nurses see many abbreviations. What does a lowercase in ABG value present?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Arterial Blood. The lowercase "a" in ABG values denotes arterial blood, indicating that the values are specific to the blood obtained from an artery. ABG analysis provides information about the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, as well as the pH and bicarbonate levels, which are crucial in assessing respiratory and metabolic functions. Choice A: Acid-base balance - This is incorrect because the lowercase "a" in ABG does not represent acid-base balance. Acid-base balance is determined by the pH level in the blood, which is one of the parameters measured in ABG analysis. Choice C: Arterial oxygen saturation - This is incorrect because oxygen saturation is typically measured using pulse oximetry, not through ABG analysis. ABG values focus on the partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood. Choice D: Alveoli - This is incorrect because ABG values do not directly represent the condition of the alveoli. ABG analysis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is suctioning fluids from a male client via a tracheostomy tube. When suctioning, the nurse must limit the suctioning time to a maximum of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 10 seconds. Suctioning time for a tracheostomy tube should be limited to 10 seconds to prevent hypoxia and tissue damage. Prolonged suctioning can lead to decreased oxygenation and potential trauma to the airway. Choice A (1 minute) is too long and can cause harm. Choice B (5 seconds) is too short to effectively clear secretions. Choice D (30 seconds) exceeds the recommended time limit and can lead to complications. Therefore, limiting suctioning time to 10 seconds is the safest and most effective approach.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to obtain a sputum specimen from a client. Which of the following nursing actions will facilitate obtaining the specimen?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Taking deep breaths helps to bring sputum up from the lungs. Step 2: Coughing deeply helps to further bring sputum up. Step 3: This action facilitates the collection of a good sputum specimen. Step 4: Limiting fluids can make sputum thicker and harder to expectorate. Step 5: Asking the client to spit may result in saliva instead of sputum. Step 6: Asking for a specimen after eating can lead to contamination.