Which of the following risk factors presents the greatest threat for respiratory disease?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Smoking presents the greatest threat for respiratory disease among the given options. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that can damage the lungs and airways, leading to conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other respiratory disorders. Smoking is a well-known and established risk factor for a wide range of respiratory diseases and is considered one of the leading causes of preventable death worldwide. Therefore, quitting smoking and avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke is crucial for maintaining respiratory health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Clients who take warfarin (Coumadin) should refrain from foods such as green leafy vegetables and soybeans because these foods contain high levels of Vitamin K. Vitamin K plays a crucial role in blood clotting, which may counteract the anti-coagulant effects of warfarin. Therefore, consuming large amounts of Vitamin K-rich foods can reduce the effectiveness of warfarin in preventing blood clots, leading to potential health risks. It is important for clients on warfarin therapy to maintain a consistent intake of Vitamin K in their diet to ensure the medication works effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: High cholesterol levels are closely linked to the development of myocardial infarction (MI), also known as a heart attack. Elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood can lead to the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, causing atherosclerosis. This buildup can restrict blood flow to the heart muscle, potentially resulting in a heart attack. Managing and controlling cholesterol levels through lifestyle changes and medications can help reduce the risk of MI.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Digitalis is used for chronic heart failure and certain arrhythmias, but not during acute resuscitation efforts.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Atypical antipsychotics are generally not the first-line treatment for depression in children. Antidepressants are more commonly prescribed for depressive disorders.