Which of the following represents the main difference between parish nursing and all other fields of nursing?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Affiliation with a church or congregation. Parish nursing specifically involves nurses who work within a religious community, providing health services and support to members of that congregation. This affiliation with a church or congregation is the main distinguishing factor between parish nursing and other fields of nursing. B, C, and D may also be aspects of parish nursing, but they are not the main difference that sets it apart from other fields of nursing. B focuses on incorporating spiritual aspects into care, which can be present in various nursing specialties. C, holistic care, is a common approach in nursing that aims to address the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of patients. D, residence within the community, is important for community-based nursing but is not unique to parish nursing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chemical. In this scenario, the agent causing harm to the employee's eyes is the chemical that splashed into them. The chemical is directly responsible for the adverse effects, making it the primary agent in this incident. The other choices (B: Employee, C: Flask, D: Laboratory) are not the direct cause of harm in this situation. The employee is the victim, the flask is the object that contained the chemical, and the laboratory is the location where the incident occurred. Only the chemical itself is the active agent that caused the harm, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Expect to have less autonomy than you have working as a CHN in the city." Rationale: 1. Rural settings often have limited healthcare resources and personnel, leading to CHNs having to work with fewer colleagues and support staff. 2. CHNs in rural areas may need to collaborate more closely with other healthcare providers due to limited resources, reducing their autonomy. 3. In rural areas, CHNs may encounter unique challenges such as lack of specialized services, requiring them to consult and collaborate more with external resources. Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect. Assuming community members will hold the CHN in higher regard is not a universal truth and may lead to unrealistic expectations. C: Incorrect. Rural areas often have limited resources, including supplies and clinics, making this statement inaccurate. D: Incorrect. While developing specialized knowledge is important, rural CHNs may need to be versatile and adaptable due to limited resources.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Epp's document emphasizes community and policy focus in health promotion. Step 2: Public participation is crucial in community and policy-focused health promotion. Step 3: Epp recommended actions that foster public participation. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Summary: A: Cooperation with WHO is not directly related to community and policy focus. B: Denying social and economic goals contradicts Epp's approach. D: Focusing solely on disease prevention in limited areas goes against Epp's comprehensive approach.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because self-efficacy refers to one's belief in their ability to accomplish specific tasks or goals. Making healthy food choices while grocery shopping demonstrates self-efficacy as it shows confidence in choosing nutritious options. This choice aligns with Bandura's theory of self-efficacy, where individuals perceive their actions as directly influencing outcomes. Choices A, B, and C do not directly relate to self-efficacy as they involve seeking external help or resources rather than demonstrating personal agency and belief in one's abilities.