Which of the following represents the function of Posterior White Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Conscious Proprioception . The posterior white column-medial lemniscal pathway transmits fine touch, vibration, and conscious proprioception (position sense) from the body to the brain. It involvdorsal columns (fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus), medial lemniscus, and VPL thalamus. Choice A (temperature) and B (pain) are incorrect as these are carried by the spinothalamic tract. Choice D (crude touch) is wrong because fine, discriminative touch is via this pathway, while crude touch is spinothalamic. Thus, C accurately reflects the pathways role, making it correct.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is concerned with proprioception (muscle-joint sense) . The medial lemniscus, formed by decussating fibers from the nucleus gracilis and cuneatus in the medulla, carriproprioception, vibration, and fine touch to the thalamus (VPL), then cortex. Choice A is wrong (begins in medulla, not spinal cord). Choice B is false (spinothalamic tracts are separate). Choice D is incorrect (ends in thalamus, not cortex directly). Thus, C accurately describits role, making it correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Spinotectal. The spinotectal tract carriafferent sensory information (e.g., pain, touch) from the spinal cord to the tectum (superior colliculus) in the midbrain, contributing to spinovisual reflexlike head/eye turning toward stimuli. Choice A (anterior spinothalamic) is for crude touch to thalamus. Choice B (lateral spinothalamic) is for pain/temperature. Choice C (posterior spinocerebellar) is for unconscious proprioception to cerebellum. Thus, D correctly identifithe spinotectal tracts role, making it the right answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Massage applied to the skin over a painful joint may reduce pain sensitivity . The gate control theory posits that non-painful input (e.g., touch via large A-beta fibers) can inhibit pain signals (A-delta, C fibers) at the spinal cords dorsal horn via interneurons, reducing pain perception. Massage activatA-beta fibers, supporting this. Choice A is wrong (small fibers transmit pain). Choice C is incorrect (A-delta/C fibers increase pain). Choice D is false (large fiber loss increaspain). Thus, B aligns with the theory, making it correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: contains 2nd order neurons from clarks nucleus that originate from the lower limbs . The dorsal spinocerebellar tract carriunconscious proprioception from lower limbs via second-order neurons in Clarknucleus (T1-L2), entering the cerebellum through the inferior peduncle. Choice B is wrong (upper limbs use cuneocerebellar tract). Choice C is incomplete. Choice D is false (A is correct). Thus, A accurately describthe tract, making it correct.