Which of the following represents a behavioural intervention for improving occupational health and safety?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: job rotation. Job rotation involves periodically shifting employees between different roles to reduce monotony, prevent overuse injuries, and provide variety. This intervention can help improve occupational health and safety by reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue, and burnout. Skills training (B) focuses on enhancing employees' abilities but may not directly address safety concerns. Workstation redesign (C) aims to optimize ergonomics but may not impact overall safety. Forming a safety committee (D) is important for promoting a safety culture but is not a direct behavioural intervention for improving occupational health and safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: They were given a more specific goal. This goal-setting technique, known as SMART goals, emphasizes the importance of setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives. By providing a clear and specific goal for attending the health and safety training session, the first group of staff members had a clearer understanding of what was expected of them, leading to higher attendance rates. The other choices (A, C, D) are not as directly related to the specific goal-setting technique that contributed to the higher attendance in the first group.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: actual safety climate. Safety climate refers to the shared perceptions among employees regarding safety-related policies, procedures, and practices within an organization. Research has shown that a positive safety climate, where there is a strong emphasis on safety and employees feel supported in prioritizing safety, leads to safer work behaviors. Actual safety climate directly influences employees' attitudes and behaviors towards safety, ultimately impacting their actions in the workplace. A: Safety compliance focuses more on following rules and regulations rather than creating a positive safety culture. B: Safety participation is related to employees' involvement in safety activities, but it does not capture the overall safety culture within the organization. D: Perceived safety climate is about employees' perceptions of safety, which may not always align with the actual safety practices and policies in place.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because building a safety culture and safety leadership is essential for ensuring employees utilize their training effectively and perform their duties safely. By fostering a culture that values safety, employees are more likely to internalize safety practices and make them a priority in their work. Safety leadership sets the tone from the top, influencing employee behavior and attitudes towards safety. Choice A (surveillance cameras) focuses on monitoring rather than proactive prevention. Choice B (rewards for reporting unsafe behavior) may encourage reporting but does not address overall safety performance. Choice D (rewarding reductions in incidents) is reactive and does not emphasize the importance of ongoing safety practices and culture.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: behavioural interventions. Techniques like job rotation and scheduling work breaks are part of behavioral interventions aimed at modifying employees' behaviors to improve safety and productivity. Job rotation reduces monotony and fatigue, while work breaks help prevent errors due to fatigue. Safety behavior (choice A) focuses on individual actions to prevent accidents. Administrative controls (choice B) involve policies and procedures to minimize risks. Engineering controls (choice C) refer to physical modifications to the work environment. Therefore, D is the correct choice as it specifically pertains to techniques that target behavioral changes.