ATI RN
History of Public Health Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following public health milestones helped improve maternal and child health in the 20th century?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, the launch of the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, as it specifically focused on improving maternal and child health. The CDC (A) primarily focuses on disease control and prevention. Antibiotics (C) revolutionized treatment but not specifically for maternal and child health. The World Health Organization (D) has a broader global health focus.
Question 2 of 5
Which significant public health law passed in 1965 expanded access to healthcare for elderly and low-income individuals in the U.S.?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Medicare and Medicaid Act. In 1965, this law was passed, creating the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Medicare provided health insurance for individuals aged 65 and older, while Medicaid offered coverage for low-income individuals. This law significantly expanded access to healthcare for these specific populations. The other choices are incorrect because: B: The National Health Service Act is a UK legislation establishing the National Health Service. C: The Affordable Care Act was passed in 2010, not 1965, and focused on healthcare reform, not specifically targeting elderly and low-income individuals. D: The Social Security Act, passed in 1935, focused on providing financial assistance and benefits, not healthcare access.
Question 3 of 5
Which major public health initiative, launched by the WHO in the 1980s, aimed to eliminate smallpox globally?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Smallpox Eradication Campaign. This initiative was launched by the WHO in the 1980s with the specific goal of eliminating smallpox globally. The campaign involved mass vaccination programs and surveillance to identify and contain outbreaks. Smallpox was successfully eradicated in 1980, making it the first disease to be eradicated worldwide. Summary: B: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative focused on eradicating polio, not smallpox. C: The WHO Health for All Campaign aimed to achieve universal health coverage, not specifically targeting smallpox. D: The Global Immunization Program aims to increase immunization rates globally, but it is not specific to eradicating smallpox.
Question 4 of 5
What was the primary goal of the first public health laws passed in the 19th century?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the primary goal of the first public health laws passed in the 19th century was to improve sanitation and reduce disease transmission. During this time, there was a growing understanding of the link between poor sanitation and disease spread. These laws focused on implementing measures such as clean water supply, waste disposal, and quarantine to prevent the spread of diseases like cholera and typhoid. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because universal healthcare, vaccination promotion, and free health care services were not the primary goals of the first public health laws in the 19th century.
Question 5 of 5
The widespread introduction of which vaccine in the 20th century led to a dramatic decline in the incidence of measles?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the measles vaccine. The introduction of the measles vaccine in the 20th century led to a significant decrease in measles incidence due to its effectiveness in providing immunity against the measles virus. This vaccine created herd immunity, reducing the transmission of the virus within communities. The polio vaccine, chickenpox vaccine, and rubella vaccine, while important in their own right, did not have the same impact on measles incidence. Choice A, the polio vaccine, is incorrect as it targets a different disease. Choice B, the chickenpox vaccine, is incorrect as it does not directly affect measles. Choice D, the rubella vaccine, is incorrect as it specifically targets rubella, not measles.