ATI RN
Adaptive Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following processes does not require the involvement of an antigen-specific T helper cell?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B (VDJ gene rearrangement) Rationale: 1. VDJ gene rearrangement occurs during B cell development in the bone marrow, independent of T helper cells. 2. Somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class switching require T helper cell interactions. 3. Memory cell differentiation also involves T helper cells for activation and differentiation. 4. Therefore, VDJ gene rearrangement is the only process not directly dependent on antigen-specific T helper cells.
Question 2 of 5
A monoclonal antibody called '3F8' was developed to treat neuroblastoma and was subsequently improved by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. By engineering a form of the antibody with human variable region protein sequences (choice B), it reduces the risk of immune response in patients. Similarly, by engineering a form with human constant region protein sequences (choice C), it further reduces immunogenicity. Therefore, both B and C contribute to making the antibody more suitable for human use, enhancing its efficacy and safety in treating neuroblastoma. Choices A and D are incorrect as they do not address the crucial aspect of reducing immunogenicity through humanization of the antibody.
Question 3 of 5
Polyclonal antibodies made in response to a given antigen will be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why Answer D is correct: 1. Polyclonal antibodies are produced by multiple B cell clones in response to an antigen (Choice A). 2. These antibodies have varying affinities due to the diversity of B cell clones involved (Choice B). 3. Different antibody classes, such as IgM, IgG, IgA, etc., are produced by different B cells (Choice C). 4. Therefore, all options are correct as polyclonal antibodies exhibit these characteristics.
Question 4 of 5
Amino acids are building blocks of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Proteins. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins because they are linked together in a specific sequence to form protein chains. Proteins are essential for various biological functions in the body. Incorrect options: A: Carbohydrates - Carbohydrates are made up of sugar molecules, not amino acids. B: Nucleic acids - Nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, are made up of nucleotides, not amino acids. C: Lipids - Lipids are composed of fatty acids and glycerol, not amino acids.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse determines that a patient has long-term immunity against a disease. Which part of the immune system should the nurse recognize is responsible for this patient's long-term immunity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: IgG. IgG is an immunoglobulin that provides long-term immunity by recognizing and neutralizing pathogens. It is produced by plasma cells in response to an infection, allowing the body to remember the pathogen and mount a quicker and more effective immune response upon re-exposure. IgE is involved in allergic reactions, not long-term immunity. Mast cells are involved in allergic responses and inflammation, not long-term immunity. Plasma cells produce antibodies, including IgG, but the plasma cells themselves are not responsible for long-term immunity.