ATI RN
Cardiovascular Inflammation Drug Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following preparations combines carbidopa and levodopa in a fixed proportion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sinemet. Sinemet combines carbidopa and levodopa in a fixed proportion. Carbidopa helps prevent the breakdown of levodopa before it reaches the brain, increasing levodopa's effectiveness. Selegiline (A) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, not a combination with carbidopa/levodopa. Tolcapone (C) is a COMT inhibitor, not a combination product. Biperiden (D) is an anticholinergic medication used for Parkinson's disease symptoms but does not contain carbidopa/levodopa.
Question 2 of 5
Extrapyramidal reactions can be treated by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine mesylate. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication that helps alleviate extrapyramidal reactions by blocking excess acetylcholine activity in the brain. Levodopa (A) is used to treat Parkinson's disease but can worsen extrapyramidal reactions. Bromocriptine (C) is a dopamine agonist used in Parkinson's disease, not for treating extrapyramidal reactions directly. Dopamine (D) itself is not used to treat extrapyramidal reactions as it does not directly address the underlying mechanism of the condition.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following antidepressants may have latency period as short as 48 hours?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tranylcypromine. Tranylcypromine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can rapidly increase synaptic concentrations of neurotransmitters. Due to this mechanism of action, it can have a short latency period of as little as 48 hours. Incorrect answers: B: Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that typically takes 2-4 weeks to show therapeutic effects. C: Fluoxetine is an SSRI that usually takes 2-6 weeks for full efficacy. D: Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant with a similar latency period to imipramine, typically 2-4 weeks.
Question 4 of 5
Piracetam can produce all of the following effects EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antipsychotic. Piracetam is a nootropic drug known for its cognitive-enhancing properties, not for its antipsychotic effects. Piracetam is commonly used for improving memory, learning, and concentration. Anticonvulsant (B), Psychometabolic (C), and Antihypoxic (D) effects are well-documented with Piracetam use. Antipsychotic effects are not a recognized pharmacological action of Piracetam.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following stimulants is related to psychedelics?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "ecstasy" (methylenedioxymethamphetamine). Ecstasy is related to psychedelics due to its hallucinogenic effects, altering sensory perception and mood. It acts on serotonin receptors, similar to classic psychedelics like LSD. Incorrect choices: B: Cocaine - Cocaine is a stimulant but not related to psychedelics. It primarily affects dopamine levels in the brain. C: "crack" (cocaine free base) - Crack is a form of cocaine, also primarily impacting dopamine levels. D: Caffeine - Caffeine is a stimulant that primarily affects adenosine receptors, not related to psychedelics.