ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following organs is supported by a layer of adventitia rather than serosa?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: esophagus. The esophagus is supported by a layer of adventitia, which is a connective tissue layer, instead of serosa, a serous membrane. The esophagus is located in the thoracic cavity, where it is surrounded by connective tissue rather than a serous membrane like the other choices. The stomach, small intestine, and large intestine are all intraperitoneal organs, meaning they are covered by a serosa layer. The esophagus, being a retroperitoneal organ, lacks a serosa layer and is instead supported by adventitia. This structural difference is important for understanding the anatomy and function of these organs.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse explains that the older adult is prone to digestive disorders related to which age-related change?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased hydrochloric acid. As people age, there is a natural decline in hydrochloric acid production in the stomach, leading to decreased digestion and absorption of nutrients. This can result in digestive disorders such as malabsorption. Increased enzyme levels (B) would actually be beneficial for digestion. Inadequate chewing (C) can lead to issues like choking but is not specifically related to age. Diminished intestinal motility (D) can occur with age but is not directly linked to digestive disorders in older adults.
Question 3 of 5
What is the best advice for a patient with an ostomy regarding skin care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use a mild soap and water to clean the skin around the stoma. This is because gentle cleansing helps prevent skin irritation and infection. Cleaning with harsh products can damage the skin. Choice A is incorrect because skin barrier products are essential for protecting the skin. Choice C is incorrect as alcohol wipes can be too harsh and drying for the skin. Choice D is incorrect because ostomy appliances typically do not need to be changed daily unless there are specific issues.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is obtaining a history of a patient with hepatitis Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because consuming contaminated shellfish can lead to Hepatitis A infection. It is important to ask about dietary habits to identify potential sources of infection. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes drug use, which may not be relevant to the patient. Choice B is more focused on sexual behavior rather than Hepatitis transmission. Choice C is irrelevant unless there was a known Hepatitis outbreak in Canada.
Question 5 of 5
Where does the majority of chemical digestion in the stomach occur?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The majority of chemical digestion in the stomach occurs in the fundus and body regions. These areas contain gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen, which break down proteins. The fundus and body also mix and churn food to create chyme. The cardia and pylorus do not play a significant role in chemical digestion. The cardia is the entry point of the stomach and mainly responsible for food entry, while the pylorus regulates the release of chyme into the small intestine. The body region alone does not have as many gastric glands compared to the fundus and is mainly involved in mixing and storing food.